DEBATE CASE PAPER

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Page 1 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education Tishita Washington Liberty University EDU-C 663 March 24, 2024
Page 2 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education Abstract With the student body in higher education becoming increasingly diverse, the issue of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) has taken center stage. This paper examines the debate surrounding mandatory DEI initiatives in institutions of higher learning. The affirmative case argues that these initiatives are essential for fostering academic excellence, promoting student well-being and success, preparing graduates for a diverse workforce, and aligning with core Christian principles. However, the negative case raises concerns about potential drawbacks, including declining academic standards, stifling free speech, and a divisive campus climate. By analyzing arguments from both sides and highlighting the importance of an inclusive learning environment, this paper seeks to contribute to a more informed discussion about the role of DEI in shaping the future of higher education.
Page 3 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education General Description Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) in higher education refers to a set of practices to create a welcoming and inclusive learning environment for all students, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socioeconomic background, or disability (PowerSchool, n.d.). This is particularly important in the context of an increasingly diverse student population in the United States. According to Bastedo et al. (2016), enrollment in higher education institutions has become more racially and ethnically diverse, with Hispanic and Black students representing a growing share of the student body. This trend is expected to continue, making DEI initiatives crucial for ensuring all students have an equal opportunity to succeed. Resolution Institutions of higher education should be required to implement comprehensive initiatives to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. Affirmative Case Higher education institutions are responsible for cultivating vibrant learning environments that prepare graduates for success in a complex and diverse world. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives play a critical role in achieving this goal by promoting a range of benefits for both students and the learning environment. The first step that most supporters of DEI claim is detrimental to its success is creating a supportive environment by fostering academic excellence through diverse learning environments. Studies have shown a clear link between diverse learning environments and improved academic outcomes for students. Milem et al. (2005) conducted a review of research findings on diversity and undergraduate education, highlighting that exposure to diverse perspectives fosters critical thinking skills,
Page 4 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education problem-solving abilities, and intellectual development in students. This occurs because students from different backgrounds bring unique experiences and viewpoints to the table, enriching classroom discussions and challenging assumptions (Milem et al., 2005). For example, in a biology class studying genetic inheritance, a student from a multicultural background might raise the issue of the historical misuse of genetic research in eugenics programs. This unexpected perspective can prompt deeper exploration of ethical considerations and the social implications of scientific advancements. Furthermore, diverse student bodies can contribute to a more innovative and creative learning environment. Bell et al. (2015) research on the business case for diversity in the workplace highlights that teams with diverse perspectives tend to be more innovative and produce better results. This is because they are better equipped to identify problems from multiple angles and develop solutions that consider a more comprehensive range of needs and perspectives (Bell et al., 2015). By fostering diversity within the student body and faculty (Bitar et al., 2022), colleges and universities can create an environment that encourages creative problem-solving and intellectual curiosity, leading to advancements in various academic disciplines. Once the environment has been created, supporters push for a sense of belonging and acceptance, which is critical for student success. When students from marginalized backgrounds feel supported and valued within the college community, it can significantly impact their academic engagement, mental health, and overall well-being (McNair, 2023). DEI initiatives that promote inclusive campus cultures can help achieve this by creating spaces where students feel comfortable expressing themselves, participating in campus life, and building meaningful connections with peers and faculty (Jones & Smith, 2020).
Page 5 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education For instance, fostering inclusive student activities and organizations, as outlined by Brown and Johnson (2019), can provide safe spaces for students from marginalized backgrounds to connect with peers who share similar experiences. These spaces can offer valuable social support and a sense of community, which can be especially important for students transitioning from diverse high schools to potentially homogenous college environments (Brown & Johnson, 2019). Furthermore, research by McNair (2023) suggests that inclusive campus cultures can lead to improved mental health outcomes for students from marginalized backgrounds. This is likely because students feel less isolated and have access to a support network within the college community (McNair, 2023).  While advocates of DEI in higher education understand the importance of creating a nurturing environment and fostering inclusivity, they also champion diversity. Having a diverse campus, supporters claim, also sets the stage for preparing graduates for a diverse workforce and a globalized world. The modern workforce is increasingly diverse, with employees from various backgrounds working together on global teams. Colleges and universities have a responsibility to prepare graduates to navigate and thrive in such an environment (Kezar et al., 2018). By fostering an inclusive learning environment that values diverse perspectives and promotes intercultural communication skills, DEI initiatives can equip students with the necessary tools for success in the professional world. For example, faculty development programs in diversity, equity, and inclusion, as described by Jones and Smith (2020), can equip instructors with strategies for creating inclusive classrooms that cater to the needs of diverse learners. These strategies might include utilizing diverse learning materials, fostering respectful classroom discussions, and providing opportunities for students to explore different cultural viewpoints (Jones & Smith, 2020).
Page 6 of 17 DEBATE CASE PAPER: Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Higher Education Exposure to diverse perspectives and the ability to communicate effectively with people from different backgrounds are crucial skills for graduates entering a globalized workforce.  While advocates champion the aforementioned assets of having DEI in higher education, they revert back to the principles in which higher education was built on the core Christian principles and actively practicing ethics.  From a biblical standpoint, promoting equity and inclusion aligns with the core Christian principle of loving one's neighbor as oneself (Galatians 3:28, New International Version [NIV]). This principle emphasizes treating all people with dignity and respect, regardless of background. Universities, as institutions dedicated to learning and fostering the potential of each individual, have an ethical responsibility to ensure that all students have equal access to educational opportunities. Furthermore, the concept of Imago Dei, meaning "image of God," is rooted in Genesis 1:27 (NIV), which states that God created humanity in his own image. This emphasizes the inherent worth and dignity of every individual, regardless of race, ethnicity, or any other factor. DEI initiatives aim to acknowledge and celebrate this inherent worth within the diverse student body. By fostering an inclusive learning environment that values and respects all students, regardless of background, colleges and universities can strive to reflect the richness and diversity of God's creation. The Bible also repeatedly emphasizes the importance of justice and fairness. Proverbs 11:3 (NIV) states, "The integrity of the upright guides them, but the crookedness of the treacherous destroys them." This verse highlights the need for equitable treatment, which extends to educational opportunities. Historically, higher education has been an institution with limited accessibility for some groups. Implementing comprehensive DEI initiatives can help ensure a fair and just system of access to higher education for all, fulfilling the biblical call for justice. In
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