Quiz Applications of Microbes 2

Classify the following attributes as belonging to either purple photosynthetic bacteria or heliobacteria. Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria Heliobacteria Bacteriochlorophyll g Heterotrophic Cannot form endospores Reduced sulfur is electron donor for NAD* reduction Gram-positive Gram-negative Autotrophic Some form endospores Organic carbon electron donor for NAD* reduction Bacteriochlorophyll a or b Possess intracellular cytoplasmic Possess only plasma membrane membranes

Which of the following is not correct about nitrogen fixation? Carried out only by few prokaryotic organisms termed diazotrophs It requires metabolic energy None of the above Enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of nitrogen is termed as nitrogenase complex

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration? What type(s) of metabolism can occur in the absence of oxygen? Name two enzymes that are present in obligate aerobes but lacking in obligate anaerobes. What is the function of each enzyme Describe the difference between the appearance of surface and subsurface colonies in a pour plate. If this is the same bacterial species, why do these differences in colonial growth occur?

You are characterizing a newly discovered organism . You have noticed that the organism grows on two carbon sources - sucrose and mannitol . Whenever you add both sugars to the medium , sucrose will be completely metabolized before mannitol .  a ) What is this growth pattern called ?  b ) Describe a possible growth curve of sequential metabolism of the sugars .

Which of the following bacteria oxidize nitrite (NO2-) to produce nitrate (NO3-)?   Azospirillum Cyanobacter Nocardia Nitrobacter Rhizobium

What is one difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?  Since neither requires oxygen, why would a microbe select one of these versus the other?  Name a specific microbe which uses fermentation and a specific microbe which uses anaerobic respiration.

What is the purpose in incubating one blood agar plate in aerobic conditions and another blood agar plate in microaerophilic conditions. Name and define five ways bacteria are classified based on their oxygen requirements

based on the article What happens to the microbial environment as cheeses like Gouda, Cheddar, or Parmesan are aged? I need help finding the answer in the article

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/microbiology/chapter/controlling-microbial-growth/   Read this Article about Controlling Microbial Growth and answer the following questions: Which is most effective at removing microbes from a product: sanitization, degerming, or sterilization? Explain. What are two possible reasons for choosing a bacteriostatic treatment over a bactericidal one? Name at least two factors that can compromise the effectiveness of a disinfecting agent.

Determine the following about Corynebacteria diphtheria..... Determine the microbes possible mechanism(s) of cellular respiration. Do they perform aerobic respiration or anaerobic respiration? Are they capable of performing fermentation?

discuss at least five different examples of extremophiles on Earth and discuss how they thrive in their special environments (or, each person can choose one extremophile to research and share with the rest of the group). Extrapolate these extreme survival abilities to the kinds of life that might be able to survive in the very different environments throughout our Solar System? Do you think that watery places like Europa or Enceladus would be a better environment to search for life as opposed to somewhere like the clouds of Venus? Why or why not? For more information on possible life in Venus' atmosphere,

If the result of an unknown bacteria is “poor growth” and “red growth,” can this result be interpreted as “organism does not ferment mannitol?” Explain why or why not. If the result of an unknown bacteria is “good growth” and “yellow growth,” is the unknown bacteria more likely Staphylococcus aureus or Staphylococcus epidermidis?

i need help finding the  the type of metagenomic data that the study gathered in the article and explain what they did and the data    https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12866-018-1323-4

Discuss the possibility of life on Mars. Will extremophiles prove useful?  Can you explain the upper-temperature limit to life unrelated to the stability of proteins or nucleic acids? How influential is microbial activity on the geological processes of mineral formation and deposition compared to biological processes? Can you argue both sides? What are the challenges and advantages of the use of extremeophiles in industrial or bioremediation applications?

WHAT IS THE MAIN CARBON SOURCE OF MIRCROORGANISMS? IDENTIFY ONE PROCESS INVOLVED THAT REMOVES CONTAMINANTS FOR ANTIBIOTIC PURIFICATION. TYPE OF REACTION IN THE FERMENTATION PROCESS WHEREIN ETHANOL IS CONVERTED TO ACETIC ACID.

There are two main temperature groups of bacteria that most commonly affect human life. One will grow well around ~10-25°C, while the other prefers ~25-45° Name these two groups and identify where they are commonly found.

In a population of cyanobacteria (Chlorogloeopsis fritschii) in a hot spring in Iceland, some of the bacteria can produce chlorophyll f, while some C. fritschii produce only other types of chlorophylls.  Chlorophyll f absorbs light outside of the visible light spectrum, namely near infrared light, allowing the bacteria to absorb light that has not been absorbed or reflected by the water or other organisms.  The ability to produce chlorophyll f is heritable, and the bacteria with chlorophyll f can live in low-light environments, such as underneath other organisms, or near the bottom of the light-penetrating zone of the spring.  What is the adaptation in this population of C. fritschii living in low-light environments? (Choose one.)   a) the ability to produce chlorophyll f    b) the ability to produce any type of chlorophyll    c) the ability to tolerate the high temperatures of the hot spring   d) the ability to survive and reproduce

Flasks A and B contain broth, and are inoculated with an identical number of bacteria that are facultative anaerobes. Flask A contains a triglyceride lipid as the sole nutrient source, and Flask B contains a monosaccharide called fructose as the sole nutrient source. Both flasks are incubated at 30°C with aeration (oxygen is added to the broth). Assume the bacteria are capable of catabolism of both fructose and triglycerides. Mark all the correct statements pertaining to these cultures. A. Under anaerobic conditions, cells in flask A will produce more ATP B. Cells from flask B will produce more carbon dioxide C. Cells from flask B will produce more ATP D. Flask A will have the greater cell mass E. Cells from flask A will produce more ATP F. Cells from flask A will produce more carbon dioxide G. Flask B will have the greater cell mass H. Under anaerobic conditions, cells in flask B will produce more ATP

A microbiologist identifies a bacterium that is capable of degrading cellulose, lignin, chitin, latex, aromatic chemicals, and keratin. It produces metabolic byproducts that give soil a musty smell as well as some that can be used as antibiotics. Which of the following genera is being described? View Available Hint(s) for Part A       Pseudomonas Campylobacter Neisseria Streptomyces

Match each of the following terms to their proper description. You may have to use your textbook for this question. Obligate aerobe V [ Choose ] require lower than atmospheric amounts of oxygen don't require oxygen, but aren't negatively affected by it a microaerophile that requires a higher amount of CO2 than usual requires oxygen for respiration Obligate anaerobe grow with or without oxygen any amount of oxygen is lethal Facultative anaerobe [ Choose ] Aerotolerant anaerobe [ Choose ] Microaerophile [ Choose ] Capnophile [ Choose ] > > > >

Name any two free – living nitrogen fixing bacteria.

"Biodegradation of Diesel Oil Using Bacillus Isolates" Environmental pollution is now a worldwide burning issue. There are many places in the Philippines, which are now contaminated by petrochemical sources, such as petroleum refineries and storage sites, paint manufacturing plants, gasoline service stations, gas emissions, etc. (EMB-DENR, 1997). Although the basic solution to the pollution problem is the elimination of the sources of these pollutants, there are however overriding economic, social and political factors that must be considered. An attractive remedial measure is the use of pesticide-degrading microorganisms for the environmental clean-up. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are a group of versatile microbes known to degrade complex organic matters refractive to most microorganisms. Several species produce enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of petroleum products in water as well as in oil. These bacteria may provide the means of eliminating unwanted pollutants in the…

Trace the route of the nutrients PO43- carried by river runoff to a seagrass ecosystem. Indicate the specific process involved (e.g., nitrification, denitrification, etc.) and the chemical form at each step of transformation.    draw and edit the diagram please and explain the process, i will upvote  :) please look at the example below

Name 5 organisms that can carry out nitrification, write the chemical reaction, what enzyme carries out the process? Briefly explain how it works.

Name two enzymes that are present in obligate aerobes but lacking in obligate anaerobes. What is the function of each enzyme?

If two cultures of a facultative anaerobe were grown under identical conditions except that one was exposed to oxygen and the other was completely deprived of oxygen, what differences would you expect to see between the two cultures? (What metabolic pathway would be occurring in each? Why?)

Which of the following is capable of oxidizing elemental sulfur to sulfates? Bacillus GSB and PSB Thiobacillus Rhodospirillum Desulfotomaculum Rhodomicrobium Azotobacter

If you discover new bacteria from the sands of Culebra's beaches that have the ability to degrade plastids, how would you identify these bacteria? Explain the methods you would use before reporting your discovery. What tests would you do to prove that they are not from the Enterobacteriaceae family? Discuss in at least 3 paragraphs.

Two microorganisms that use naphthalene as a food source have the same Umax but different Ks values for naphthalene. If both types of microorganisms are inoculated at the same cell density into a liquid culture containing naphthalene as the sole carbon source (i.e. the only food source), which microorganism will outcompete the other: the one with the higher Ks or the one with the lower Ks. Why?.

How would you isolate a thermophilic chemolithotroph that uses sulfur compounds as a source of energy and electrons? What changes in the incubation system would be needed to isolate bacteria using sulfur compounds in anaerobic respiration? How would you tell which process is taking place through an analysis of the sulfur molecules present in the spent medium?