College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134609034
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 15, Problem 7P
An earthquake 45 km from a city produces P and S waves that travel outward at 5000 and 3000 m/s, respectively. Once city residents feel the shaking of the P wave, how much time do they have before the S wave arrives?
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Earthquake S waves have a speed of 3000 m/s. P waves have a speed of 5000 m/s. P waves are detected 2.58 minutes before S waves by aseismograph. How far is the earthquake's epicenter from the seismograph?
Options:
a
1.06 x 10^6 m
b
2.5 x 10^6 m
c
1.3 x 10^6 m
d
1.16 x 10^6 m
The intensity of an earthquake wave passing through the Earth is measured to be 3.0 × 106 J/m2 at a distance of 48 km from the source. Sketch the situation.
A) What was the intensity when it passed a point only 6.0 km from the source?
B) At what rate did energy pass through an area of 2.0 m2 at 6.0 km?
(a) Seismographs measure the arrival times of earthquakes with a precision of 0.100 s. To get the distance to the epicenter of the quake, they compare the arrival times of S- and P-waves, which travel at different speeds. If S- and P-waves travel at 4.00 and 7.20 km/s, respectively, in the region considered, how precisely can the distance to the source of the earthquake be determined? (b) Seismic waves from underground detonations of nuclear bombs can be used to locate the test site and detect violations of test bans. Discuss whether your answer to (a) implies a serious limit to such detection. (Note also that the uncertainty is greater if there is an uncertainty in the propagation speeds of the S- and P-waves.)
Chapter 15 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
Ch. 15 - a. In your own words, define what a transverse...Ch. 15 - a. In your own words, define what a longitudinal...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3CQCh. 15 - Prob. 4CQCh. 15 - A wave pulse travels along a string at a speed of...Ch. 15 - Harbor seals, like many animals, determine the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7CQCh. 15 - Prob. 8CQCh. 15 - Figure Q15.9 Q shows a history graph of the motion...Ch. 15 - Figure Q15.10 Q shows a history graph and a...
Ch. 15 - Prob. 11CQCh. 15 - Bottlenose dolphins use echolocation pulses with a...Ch. 15 - Some bat species have auditory systems that work...Ch. 15 - Prob. 14CQCh. 15 - The volume control on a stereo is designed so that...Ch. 15 - A bullet can travel at a speed of over 1000 m/s....Ch. 15 - Prob. 18CQCh. 15 - Prob. 19CQCh. 15 - Prob. 20MCQCh. 15 - Prob. 21MCQCh. 15 - Ultrasound can be used to deliver energy to...Ch. 15 - A sinusoidal wave traveling on a string has a...Ch. 15 - Two strings of different linear density are joined...Ch. 15 - You stand at x = 0 m, listening to a sound that is...Ch. 15 - The wave speed on a string under tension is 200...Ch. 15 - The wave speed on a string is 150 m/s when the...Ch. 15 - The back wall of an auditorium is 26.0 m from the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 4PCh. 15 - Prob. 5PCh. 15 - Prob. 6PCh. 15 - An earthquake 45 km from a city produces P and S...Ch. 15 - A stationary boat in the ocean is experiencing...Ch. 15 - Figure P15.9 Q is a snapshot graph of a wave at t...Ch. 15 - Figure P15.10Q is a snapshot graph of a wave at t...Ch. 15 - Prob. 11PCh. 15 - Prob. 12PCh. 15 - Prob. 13PCh. 15 - A sinusoidal wave has period 0.20 s and wavelength...Ch. 15 - A sinusoidal wave travels with speed 200 m/s. Its...Ch. 15 - The motion detector used in a physics lab sends...Ch. 15 - The displacement of a wave traveling in the...Ch. 15 - A traveling wave has displacement given by y(x, t)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 20PCh. 15 - Prob. 21PCh. 15 - People with very good pitch discrimination can...Ch. 15 - A dolphin emits ultrasound at 100 kHz and uses the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 26PCh. 15 - Prob. 27PCh. 15 - Prob. 28PCh. 15 - Prob. 29PCh. 15 - Prob. 30PCh. 15 - Sound is detected when a sound wave causes the...Ch. 15 - At a rock concert, the sound intensity 1.0 m in...Ch. 15 - Prob. 33PCh. 15 - A large solar panel on a spacecraft in Earth orbit...Ch. 15 - Prob. 36PCh. 15 - LASIK eye surgery uses pulses of laser light to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 38PCh. 15 - Prob. 39PCh. 15 - What is the sound intensity level of a sound with...Ch. 15 - What is the sound intensity of a whisper at a...Ch. 15 - Prob. 42PCh. 15 - The sound intensity from a jack hammer breaking...Ch. 15 - A concert loudspeaker suspended high off the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 45PCh. 15 - A rock band playing an outdoor concert produces...Ch. 15 - Your ears are sensitive to differences in pitch,...Ch. 15 - 30 seconds of exposure to 115 dB sound can damage...Ch. 15 - Prob. 50PCh. 15 - An opera singer in a convertible sings a note at...Ch. 15 - An ospreys call is a distinct whistle at 2200 Hz....Ch. 15 - A whistle you use to call your hunting dog has a...Ch. 15 - An echocardiogram uses 4.4 MHz ultrasound to...Ch. 15 - Prob. 55PCh. 15 - A Doppler blood flow unit emits ultrasound at 5.0...Ch. 15 - A train whistle is heard at 300 Hz as the train...Ch. 15 - A 2.0-m-long string is under 20 N of tension. A...Ch. 15 - A female orb spider has a mass of 0.50 g. She is...Ch. 15 - A spider spins a web with silk threads of density...Ch. 15 - In 2003, an earthquake in Japan generated 1.1 Hz...Ch. 15 - Prob. 64GPCh. 15 - Prob. 65GPCh. 15 - Prob. 66GPCh. 15 - Low-frequency vertical oscillations are one...Ch. 15 - Prob. 68GPCh. 15 - Prob. 69GPCh. 15 - A wave on a string is described by y(x, t) = (3.0...Ch. 15 - Write the y-equation for a wave traveling in the...Ch. 15 - A point on a string undergoes simple harmonic...Ch. 15 - Prob. 73GPCh. 15 - Prob. 74GPCh. 15 - A dark blue cylindrical bottle is 22 cm high and...Ch. 15 - Assume that the opening of the ear canal has a...Ch. 15 - The sound intensity 50 m from a wailing tornado...Ch. 15 - One of the loudest sound generators ever created...Ch. 15 - A harvest mouse can detect sounds below the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 80GPCh. 15 - A physics professor demonstrates the Doppler...Ch. 15 - When the heart pumps blood into the aorta, the...Ch. 15 - Although we cant hear them, the ultrasonic pulses...Ch. 15 - Bats are sensitive to very small changes in...Ch. 15 - Some bats have specially shaped noses that focus...Ch. 15 - Some bats utilize a sound pulse with a rapidly...
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