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- Determine the vibrational modes of selected molecular movements (in the text, cis-ML2(CO) 2 and trans-ML2(CO) 2 are used as examples)How many normal vibrational modes does each of thefollowing molecules have?(a) NH3(b) C2H4(c) CCl2F2(d) CH3CH2OHThe ammonia molecule NH3 has vibrational modes. 5 6 4 7 12
- 5. The fundamental vibrational frequencies for 1H19F and 2D19F are 4138.52 and 2998.25 cm-1, respectively, and De for both molecules is 5.86 eV. What is the difference in the bond energy (bond dissociation energy) of the two molecules? A) 0.567 eV B) 0.15 eV C) 0.0707 eV D) 0.254 eVThe stretching frequency of C-H bond decrease in the order given below. EC-H(3300 cm) > =CH2 (3100 cm') > -H (2900 cm) Justify it.6) This question is concerned with vibrational spectra (Infrared and Raman). a) How many normal modes of vibration are expected in these molecules? (Show calculations) i) Theobromine (the caffeine-like stimulant that is found in chocolate) b) In the molecular vibration shown here for trans-1,4-dichlorocyclohexane, both chlorine atoms stretch away from the carbon to which they are bonded (arrows). Will this mode be IR active? Will this mode be Raman active? In each case, why or why not? ii) Cyanopolyyne (an organic molecular wire that has been detected spectroscopically in interstellar space, and is postulated to be a precursor to biomolecules: HC=C-C=C-C=N c) Why are CH4 and CO₂ considered greenhouse gases, but O₂ and N₂ are not? d) Are the vibrations shown here a degenerate pair (Yes/No)? Why or why not? HN CI CH3 ci↑ ∙H -F CH3 -F
- 2) Based on the number of atoms N, how many normal vibrational modes does CH4 have (CH4 is non-linear) (Section 18-6- what happens when molecule absorbs light) a) 10 b) 9 c) 6 d) 5(g) Which of the following compound gives the largest vibrational frequency among H2, D2,HD, and Cl2? A. HD B. D2 C. H2 D. Cl2Calculate the number of possible vibrational modes for each of the following molecules and assign frequency ranges to each. i) NH3 ii) C2H4 iii) CCl2F2 iv) CH3CH2OH b) Which of the above molecules will absorb IR radiations most strongly? Explain your answer.
- 4. a) The force constant of "Br2 is 300 Nm-1. Determine its vibrational energy (in Joules and eV), zero-point energy and vibrational frequency. b) The 1H17F (rigid type) has bond length 0.16nm. Determine its rotational constant in Joules, eV and cm-1.Q.1: The force constant of the bond in HCl is (516 N/m). Assuming the value of the force constant does not depend on the mass of the atoms in the molecule, calculate the fundamental vibrational frequency of each of the following: 'HCl. 'H'Cl and ?H*Cl. Q.2: The Interatomic Distance in the HCl Molecule The spacing, A(1 /2) between the lines in the rotational spectrum of HCI(g) is 20cm'.Calculate the distance between the nuclei (the length of the bond) in the HCl molecule.Do you expect the fundamental vibrational frequency to be higher for HCl or NaCl? Explain.