Two mirrors are perpendicular to each other. A ray traveling in a plane perpendicular to both mirrors is reflected from one mirror, then the other, as shown in the figure. What is the ray's final direction relative to its original direction? 90° - 01 90° - 01 y 201 Ꮎ 0₁ Mirror 2 Ꮎ Ꮎ 90° - 01 Mirror 1 1000 ላለ

Electric room heaters use a concave mirror to reflect infrared (IR) radiation from hot coils. Note that IR radiation follows the same law of reflection as visible light. Given that the mirror has a radius of curvature of 50.0 cm and produces an image of the coils 3.00 m away from the mirror, where are the coils?

A light ray initially in water enters a transparent substance at an angle of incidence of 37.0, and the transmitted ray is refracted at an angle of 25.0. Calculate the speed of light in the transparent substance.

For specular reflection, what is the situation with an angle of incidence of (a) 0 and (b) 90?

Suppose you have an unknown clear substance immersed in water, and you wish to identify it by finding its index of refraction. You arrange to have a beam of light enter it at an angle of 45.0°, and you observe the angle of refraction to be 40.3°. What is the index of refraction of the substance and its likely identity?

A ray of light, emitted beneath the surface of an unknown liquid with air above it, undergoes total internal reflection as shown in Figure 25.55. What is the index of retraction for the liquid and its likely identification? Figure 25.55 A tight ray inside a liquid strikes the surface at the critical angle and undergoes total internal reflection.

A goldfish is swimming at 2.00 cm/s toward the front wall of a rectangular aquarium. What is the apparent speed of the fish measured by an observer looking in from outside the front wall of the tank?

A scuba diver training in a pool looks at his instructor as shown in Figure 25.53. What angle does the ray from the instructor’s face make with the perpendicular to the water at the point where the ray enters? The angle between the ray in the water and the perpendicular to the water is 25.0°. Figure 25.53 A scuba diver in a pool and his trainer look at each other.

Unreasonable results Light traveling from water to a gemstone strikes the surface at an angle of 80.00 and has an angle of refraction of 15.2°. (a) What is the speed of light in the gemstone? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?