The School District is considering the purchase of two school buses. At present, school children are transported to and from the schools in the area using private bus drivers. The new school buses will cost US$54,530 and will have a useful life of 11 years. They will have negligible scrap value, which can be ignored. The new school buses would be more cost-effective, resulting in labor savings of $10,000 per year. What are the Factor of the Internal Rate of Return, and the discount factor (%) that will give a Net Present Value of 0?
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- The Aubey Coffee Company is evaluating the within-plant distribution system for its new roasting, grinding, and packing plant. The two alternatives are (1) a conveyor system with a high initial cost but low annual operating costs and (2) several forklift trucks, which cost less but have considerably higher operating costs. The decision to construct the plant has already been made, and the choice here will have no effect on the overall revenues of the project. The cost of capital for the plant is 8%, and the projects’ expected net costs are listed in the following table: What is the IRR of each alternative? What is the present value of the costs of each alternative? Which method should be chosen?A local sanitation authority needs to purchase a new garbage truck. The authority has two truck models under consideration. The purchase price for Model A is $90, 000. The maintenance and operation costs are $10,000/year. Model B is less expensive to acquire ($60,000 at purchase), but costs more on operation and maintenance. Details of the costs are shown in the table below. Interest rate is 3%. Please help this authority to decide which truck they should purchase. Year Model A Truck Model B Truck Purchase Price $90,000 $60,000 Annual Operation and Maintenance 1 $10,000 $20,000 2 $10,000 $20,000 3 $10,000 $20,000 4 $10,000 $20,000 Calculate the present values of total costs for Model A Truck and Model B Truck, respectively. (Interest rate: 3%) (1’) *Results round to the nearest 2 decimal places. (Note: you may consider using an Excel worksheet to do the calculation). Present value of Model A Truck…A local sanitation authority needs to purchase a new garbage truck. The authority has two truck models under consideration. The purchase price for Model A is $90, 000. The maintenance and operation costs are $10,000/year. Model B is less expensive to acquire ($60,000 at purchase), but costs more on operation and maintenance. Details of the costs are shown in the table below. Interest rate is 4%. Please help this authority to decide which truck they should purchase. Year Model A Truck Model B Truck Purchase Price (beginning of year) $90,000 $60,000 Annual Operation and Maintenance (end of year) 1 $10,000 $20,000 2 $10,000 $20,000 3 $10,000 $20,000 4 $10,000 $20,000 Calculate the present values of total costs for Model A Truck and Model B Truck, respectively. (Interest rate: 4%) (2’) Present value of Model A Truck total costs: Present value of Model B Truck total costs: Which truck model should this authority choose? Why? (1’)
- A local sanitation authority needs to purchase a new garbage truck. The authority has two truck models under consideration. The purchase price for Model A is $90, 000. The maintenance and operation costs are $10,000/year. Model B is less expensive to acquire ($60,000 at purchase), but costs more on operation and maintenance. Details of the costs are shown in the table below. Interest rate is 4%. Please help this authority to decide which truck they should purchase. Year Model A Truck Model B Truck Purchase Price (beginning of year) $90,000 $60,000 Annual Operation and Maintenance (end of year) 1 $10,000 $20,000 2 $10,000 $20,000 3 $10,000 $20,000 4 $10,000 $20,000 The authority charges garbage collection fees from local residents. The estimated fee collection is $38,000 per year. Compare the present value of total costs of the truck model you choose and the present value of total revenues. Calculate the present value of total…A local waste management company needs to purchase a new garbage truck. The company has two truck models under consideration. The purchase price for Model A is $90, 000. The maintenance and operation costs are $10,000/year. Model B is less expensive to acquire ($60,000 at purchase), but costs more on operation and maintenance. Details of the costs are shown in the table below. Interest rate is 4%. Please help this company to decide which truck they should purchase. Year Model A Truck Model B Truck Purchase Price (beginning of year) $90,000 $60,000 Annual Operation and Maintenance (end of year) 1 $10,000 $20,000 2 $10,000 $20,000 3 $10,000 $20,000 4 $10,000 $20,000 Calculate the present values of total costs for Model A Truck and Model B Truck, respectively. (Interest rate: 4%) *Results round to the nearest 2 decimal places. (Note: you may consider using an Excel…A highway department is considering building a temporary bridge to cut travel time during the three years it will take to build a permanent bridge. The temporary bridge can be put up in a few weeks in year 1 at a cost of $750,000. At the end of three years, it would be removed and the steel would be sold for scrap. The real net cost of this would be $81,000. Based on estimated time savings and wage rates, fuel savings, and reductions in risks of accidents, department analysts predict that the benefits in real dollars would be $275,000 during the first year, $295,000 during the second year, and $315,000 during the third year. Departmental regulations require use of a real discount rate of 8 percent. (NB. Round discount factors to the nearest 2 decimal points). Calculate the present value of net benefits assuming that the benefits occur at the end of each of the three years. Calculate the present value of net costs assuming that the costs occur at the end of each of the three…
- Carla Vista Corporation is considering purchasing a new delivery truck. The truck has many advantages over the company’s current truck (not the least of which is that it runs). The new truck would cost $56,760. Because of the increased capacity, reduced maintenance costs, and increased fuel economy, the new truck is expected to generate cost savings of $8,600. At the end of 8 years, the company will sell the truck for an estimated $28,600. Traditionally the company has used a rule of thumb that a proposal should not be accepted unless it has a payback period that is less than 50% of the asset’s estimated useful life. Larry Newton, a new manager, has suggested that the company should not rely solely on the payback approach, but should also employ the net present value method when evaluating new projects. The company’s cost of capital is 8%.Linkin Corporation is considering purchasing a new delivery truck. The truck has many advantages over the company’s current truck (not the least of which is that it runs). The new truck would cost $56,000. Because of the increased capacity, reduced maintenance costs, and increased fuel economy, the new truck is expected to generate cost savings of $8,000. At the end of 8 years, the company will sell the truck for an estimated $27,000. Traditionally the company has used a rule of thumb that a proposal should not be accepted unless it has a payback period that is less than 50% of the asset’s estimated useful life. Larry Newton, a new manager, has suggested that the company should not rely solely on the payback approach, but should also employ the net present value method when evaluating new projects. The company’s cost of capital is 8%.Whispering Winds Corporation is considering purchasing a new delivery truck. The truck has many advantages over the company's current truck (not the least of which is that it runs). The new truck would cost $56,525. Because of the increased capacity, reduced maintenance costs, and increased fuel economy, the new truck is expected to generate cost savings of $8,500. At the end of eight years, the company will sell the truck for an estimated $27,600. Traditionally, the company has used a general rule that it should not accept a proposal unless it has a payback period that is less than 50% of the asset's estimated useful life. William Davis, a new manager, has suggested that the company should not rely only on the payback approach but should also use the net present value method when evaluating new projects. The company's cost of capital is 8%. (a) Calculate the cash payback period and net present value of the proposed investment. (If the net present value is negative, use either a…
- Linkin Corporation is considering purchasing a new delivery truck. The truck has many advantages over the company’s current truck (not the least of which is that it runs). The new truck would cost $55,440. Because of the increased capacity, reduced maintenance costs, and increased fuel economy, the new truck is expected to generate cost savings of $8,400. At the end of 8 years, the company will sell the truck for an estimated $28,200. Traditionally the company has used a rule of thumb that a proposal should not be accepted unless it has a payback period that is less than 50% of the asset’s estimated useful life. Larry Newton, a new manager, has suggested that the company should not rely solely on the payback approach, but should also employ the net present value method when evaluating new projects. The company’s cost of capital is 8%.(a) Compute the cash payback period and the net present value of the proposed investment. Cash payback period 6.6 years Net present value $A large city in the mid-West needs to acquire a street-cleaning machine to keep its roads looking nice year round. A used cleaning vehicle will cost $85,000 and have a $20,000 salvage value at the end of its five year life. A new system with advanced features will cost $150,000 and have $40,000 market value at the end of its five year life. The new system is expected to reduce labor hours compared with the used system. Current street-cleaning activity requires the used system to operate 8 hours per day for 20 days per month. Labor costs $50 per hour (including fringe benefits), and MARR is 12% per year.a. Find the breakeven percent reduction in labor hours for the new system.b. If the new system is expected to be able to reduce labor hours by 17% compared with the used system, which machine should the city purchase?A large city in the mid-West needs to acquire a street-cleaning machine to keep its roads looking nice year round. A used cleaning vehicle will cost $85,000 and have a $20,000 salvage value at the end of its five year life. A new system with advanced features will cost $150,000 and have $40,000 market value at the end of its five year life. The new system is expected to reduce labor hours compared with the used system. Current street-cleaning activity requires the used system to operate 8 hours per day for 20 days per month. Labor costs $50 per hour (including fringe benefits), and MARR is 12% per year.a. Find the breakeven percent reduction in labor hours for the new system. b. If the new system is expected to be able to reduce labor hours by 17% compared with the used system, which machine should the city purchase? c. Investigate how sensitive the decision is to 1) changes in the market value of the new system and 2) the productivity improvement of the new system. Graph your results.