o Suppose Gina climbs a high mountain where the oxygen partial pressure in the air decreases to 70 torr. Assume that the pH ofher tissues and lungs is 7.4 and the oxygen concentration in her tissues is 20 torr. The P50 of hemoglobin is 26 torr. The degreeof cooperativity of hemoglobin (n) is 2.8.Estimate the percentage of the oxygen-carrying capacity that she utilizes.oxygen-carrying capacity utilized:After Gina spends a day at the mountaintop, where the oxygen partial pressure is 70 torr, the concentration of2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) in her red blood cells increases.Why does increasing the concentration of 2,3-BPG in Gina's blood cells help her function well at high altitudes?The P50 value of her hemoglobin increases, promoting oxygen delivery to tissues.The P50 value of her hemoglobin decreases, causing more blood-to-tissue oxygen offloading.The extra 2,3-BPG stabilizes the relaxed, or R, state of hemoglobin, increasing oxygen binding.Excess 2,3-BPG binds oxygen when hemoglobin becomes saturated, acting as an additional oxygen transporter.%

Consider the following reaction: where P is the protein, L is the ligand, PL is the protein-ligand…

Answered: Suppose Gina climbs a high mountain…

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter13: The Respiratory System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15RE

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How does hemoglobin help maintain the oxygen partial pressure gradient during gas transport in the body?
Suppose Gina climbs a high mountain where the oxygen partial pressure in the air decreases to 70 torr. Assume that the pH of her tissues and lungs is 7.4 and the oxygen concentration in her tissues is 20 torr. The P50 of hemoglobin is 26 torr. The degree of cooperativity of hemoglobin, n, is 2.8. Estimate the percentage of the oxygen-carrying capacity that she utilizes. Calculate your answer to one decimal place. сараcity: %
(b) The diagram on the right illustrates the change in the p50 (partial pressure of O2 required to achieve 50% saturation) of hemoglobin and the 2,3-bis-phosphoglycerate (BPG) concentration in the erythrocytes of a person who spent 6 days hik- ing in the Andes Mountains of Peru. As the hiker climbs to higher and higher altitudes, the atmos- pheric pressure, including the partial pressure of O2, decreases. Yet the p50 increases, making it less favorable to achieve saturation of the hemo- globin. Explain. Pso (torr) Sea level 34 33- 32 31 30- 29 28 27 26 4530 m above- sea level (c) If individuals with the following mutant hemo- globins accompanied the hiker, evaluate the degree of respiratory distress that they would experience despite the increased erythrocyte BPG concentration. (In the ta- ble of mutants on the right, the mutation His(143)Asp, for instance, means that the His residue that occurs at se- quence position 143 on the ß-chain has been substituted by Asp.) Describe the…
Use the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to determine hemoglobin saturation/O2 content at various pO2 and/or pH levels.
Referring to the loading and unloading of oxygen from hemoglobin (as illustrated in the figure), which of the following statements is correct? Oxygen Dissociation Curve.png Group of answer choices When a person in ventilating at rest, 75% of hemoglobin is still oxyhemoglobin The percent saturation of hemoglobin is higher at higher partial pressures of oxygen A decrease in the pH of the blood would promote unloading oxygen from the hemoglobin All of these are correct
Table 4: Presence or Absence of Agglutination Mother 1 Father 1 Child 1 Mother 2 Father 2 Child 2 Mother 3 Father 3 Child 3 Anti-A Sera Agglut No Agglut No No No Agglut No Agglut Anti-B Sera Agglut No No No Agglut Agglut No No No Anti-Rh Sera No Agglut Agglut Agglut No Agglut No No No Blood Type AB- O+ A+ 0+ B- B+ A- O- A-
Suppose you visit the Dalai Lama in Dharamsala, India (elevation 1460 m),and you begin to ponder the “big questions,” such as “What is the fractionalsaturation of the Dalai Lama’s hemoglobin?”(a) Assuming the Dalai Lama’s hemoglobin has a Hill coefficient = 3.2,and a P50 = 31 mm Hg, calculate the change in fractional O2 saturationof his hemoglobin going from his lungs (where PO2 = 85 mm Hg) to hiscapillaries (where PO2 = 25 mm Hg).(b) Why do you suppose the Dalai Lama’s hemoglobin has a P50 higher thannormal (where “normal” = 27 mm Hg)?
Draw three separate oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curves and then use arrows to show the change in oxygen saturation of most hemoglobins when: 1. deoxygenated blood enters the capillaries in the lungs. 2. oxygenated blood enters the capillaries in muscle tissue at rest. 3. oxygenated blood enters the capillaries in muscle tissue during vigorous exercise.

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