- Keto counterparts. Name the a-ketoacida-ketoacid that is formed by the transamination of each of the following amino acids: Co, a. Alanine b. Leucine c. Aspartate d. Phenylalanine e. Glutamate f. Tyrosine
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- Help filling in the blanks: Pyridoxal phosphate, PLP, is produced from pyridoxine or vitamin B6. PLP is considered a/an [1C/2C/acyl/amino/carboxyl] carrier. In transaminases, PLP forms a [Schiff base/acetal/phosphoanhydride/condensation] with an amino acid and causes the [a- amino/a-carbon/a-carboxyl] to become [electrophilic/nucleophilic] allowing replacement of the amino group on the amino acid with a ketone. PLP is also used by several other enzymes that work on amino acids because in forming a covalent bond with amino acids it provides for an opportunity for nucleophilic attack and because PLP is conjugated, the cofactor is able to [delocalize/transfer/reduce/stabilize] pi electrons in the substrate and thus [stabilize/delocalize/transfer/reduce] the transition state of the reaction. Production of citrulline occurs in the [cytosol/mitochondrial matrix] while the rest of the urea cycle occurs in the [cytosol/mitochondrial matrix]. Urea is produced in the…Some amino acids are both glucogenic and ketogenic. Explain the difference between the two types and why some amino acids can be both.. In the biosynthesis of amino acids. Glutamate can serve as an intermediate in the synthesis of the following amino acids all but one; O Serine O Aspartate Alanine O Histidine
- . Glucagon secretion causes inhibition of intracellular acetyl-CoA car- boxylase activity by several mechanisms. Name all you can think of.NH, This compound is directly involved in: он O=P-0-CH, H но OmP-0- O oxidizing an alcohol in the conversion of sucrose to fructose. O the synthesis of malonyl coenzyme A. reducing a ketone in gluconeogenesis. reducing a C=C double bond in fatty-acid synthesis.Consider the each of the amino acids in the peptide below. Ala-Ile-Asp-Arg-Gln-Gly-Pro-Gly-Ala-Tyr-Val-Ile-Gln-Leu If all of the amino acids are degraded to yield energy (ATP), explain how many Acetyl CoAs for oxidation to CO2 could be produced from this peptide. note: Do not make glucose at the beginning, however converting the TCA intermediates into molecules in the glycolytic pathway for optimal Acetyl CoA production is allowed. Be sure to show clearly which pathway will the Acetyl CoA enter (to yield ATP ultimately) under such condition
- Glucagon secretion inhibits intracellular acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity through a number of different methods. Make a list of everything that comes to mind.The chemical structure of Coenzyme A contains the following EXCEPT— a β-mercaptoethylamine residue. a phosphoanhydride moiety. an adenosine-3’- phosphate. a pantothenic acid residue. a lipoic acid residue.. Describe the β-oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate
- Explain why people with a hereditary deficiency of carnitine acyltransferase II have muscle weakness. Why are the symptoms more severe during fasting?Describe the catabolism of a the amino acid serine. Start with serine and end with ATP. Give the details of every step.Part A Identify each of the following metabolic pathways. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Reset Help the conversion of fatty acids to 2-carbon units of acetyl CoA ketogenesis the conversion of an amino acid to an a-keto transamination acid the combination of 2-carbon units of acetyl COA to form fatty acids oxidative deamination the removal of an amino group as NH4+ from B oxidation glutamate to yield a-ketoglutarate lipogenesis the production of ketone bodies