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- If the energy received by 5 m2 area in 10 minutes is 4200 kJ, calculate the value of solar constant.The total rate at which power is used by humans worldwideis approximately 15 TW (terawatts). The solar flux averagedover the sunlit half of Earth is 680 W>m2 (assumingno clouds). The area of Earth’s disc as seen from the Sun is1.28 * 1014 m2. The surface area of Earth is approximately197,000,000 square miles. How much of Earth’s surfacewould we need to cover with solar energy collectors to powerthe planet for use by all humans? Assume that the solar energycollectors can convert only 10% of the available sunlightinto useful power.Estimate the angle made by rays radiation with the normal to a PV cell on 1 Dec at 9:00 am solar time for a location at 28° N and the PV is tiled at angle of lilted at latitude plus 10° with the horizontal and is pointing being to south.
- A lightbulb works with a filament of 100 µm diameter and 30 cmlength of tungsten. You apply a voltage of 12 V. Compute theemitted total power assuming that convection can be neglected. Whatis the resulting filament temperature if the emissivity was 0.7?(W/m), in Santa solar radiation into energy- solar radiation (w/m?) 400 300 200 100 time (hrs past midnight) 4 8 12 16 20 ot dengndi loImagine choosing between two winter jackets. Assume you have access to a heat-generating mannequin with variable heat output. Insulation is comparable to (TB – TA)/M in the chapter 10 calculation. (This is a generic insulating equation.) How would you quantify the two jackets' insulation?
- Calculate the square footage of solar panels required for a 1KW system for AM 1 and AM 1.5 if panel efficiency is 18% (direct beam insolation).2.A solar collector with an area of 1.5 m2 is installed on the rooftop of a house. Assume that the radiative encrgy amiving from the sun is 1000 Wm. The collector reflecis 10% of the enengy arriving on is surfice. Also, the collector is not perfectly insulated, and losses occur The collector has a heat transfer coefficient h of 2 Wmx The side arcas of the collector are assumed to be negligible. The ambient temperature is 20 °C and the collector is assumed to be at a temperature of 50 "c. Consider that this temperature is constant throughout the whole collector The collector is assumed to behave like a black body. a) What is the power output of the collector? b) What percentage of the total losses is caused by radiation?The filament of an evacuated light bulb has a length 10 cm, diameter 0.2 mm and emissivity 0.2, calculate the temperature of the filament, if the power radiated by filament is 11.4 watt.
- When going lrom fat toO muscie tiSSUC, 3. (a) Find energy that the light-skinned person (e = 0.6) with a skin area of A =1.7m2 receives from solar radiation incident at angle 0 = 60°. (b) Find energy that the dark-skinned person (e = 0.8) with a skin area of A =1.7m2 receives from solar radiation incident at angle 0 = 60 %3D %3D %3D(a) Cherry-red embers in a fireplace are at 850ºC and have an exposed area of 0.200 m2 and an emissivity of 0.980. The surrounding room has a temperature of 18.0ºC . If 50% of the radiant energy enters the room, what is the net rate of radiant heat transfer in kilowatts? (b) Does your answer support the contention that most of the heat transferinto a room by a fireplace comes from infrared radiation?What must be the height of a 200mm diameter vertical pipe carrying hot liquid so that the surrounding area becomes 38degrees C? Note that the rate of convection is 6 KWatts and the surface of the plate is around 90degrees C. answer in meters. (3 decimal places)