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- The reaction of 1-bromopropane and sodium hydroxide in ethanol occurs by an SN2mechanism. What happens to the rate of this reaction under the following conditions?(a) The concentration of NaOH is doubled.(b) The concentrations of both NaOH and 1-bromopropane are doubled.(c) The volume of the solution in which the reaction is carried out is doubled.Nonconjugated , -unsaturated ketones, such as 3-cyclohexenone, are in an acid-catalyzed equilibrium with their conjugated , -unsaturated isomers. Propose a mechanism for this isomerization.Draw an approximate reaction-energy diagram showing the curves for the two possible pathways for ionic addition of HBr to 1-methylcyclohexene. (a) Formation of the major product, 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane, and (b) formation of the minor product, 1-bromo-2-methylcyclohexane. Point out how these curves show that 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane should be formed faster
- In an SN2 reaction between 2-chlorobutane and iodide ion, what happens to the rate of the reaction if: (a) the concentration of 2-chlorobutane is doubled? (b) the concentration of iodide is doubled?7A Write the possible products of the following reactions, the mechanism by which they were formed. mentioning Br CH3OH CH3ONaFollowing is a balanced equation for bromination of toluene.(a) Using the values for bond dissociation enthalpies given in Appendix 3,calculate ∆H0for this reaction.(b) Propose a pair of chain propagation steps and show that they add up to theobserved reaction.(c) Calculate ∆H0for each chain propagation step.(d) Which propagation step is rate-determinin
- Please give the main substitution product for each of the following reactions, and indicate the dominant mechanism: (a) 1-bromopropane + NaOCH3 → (b) 3-bromo-3-methylpentane + NaOC2H5 →9. (a) Under certain conditions, the reaction of 0.5 M 1-bromobutane with 1.0 M sodium methoxide forms 1-methoxybutane at a rate of 0.05 mol/L per second. What would be the rate if 0.1 M 1-bromobutane and 2.0 M NaOCH3 were used? (b) Consider the reaction of 1-bromobutane with a large excess of ammonia (NH3). Draw the reactants, the transition state, and the products. Note that the initial product is the salt of an amine (RNH* Br) which is deprotonated by the excess ammonia to give the amine. (c) Show another SN2 reaction using a different combination of an alkoxide and an alkyl bromide that also produces 1-methoxybutane.Propose a mechanism for the reaction of(a) 1-methylcyclohexanol with HBr to form 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane.(b) 2-cyclohexylethanol with HBr to form 1-bromo-2-cyclohexylethane.
- 5c) Write the rate equation for the following SN1 reaction:Identify two alkenes that react with HBr to form 1-bromo-1-methylcyclohexane without undergoing a carbocation rearrangement.Write a mechanism that accounts for the formation of ethyl isopropyl ether as one of the products in the following reaction. CI OEt HCI EtOH Write the mechanism for step one of this reaction. Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. Write the mechanism for step two of this reaction (where the product of step one reacts with the solvent, ethanol). Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. Write the mechanism for the last step of this reaction (formation of ethyl isopropyl ether). Show lone pairs and formal charges. Only the acidic hydrogen should be drawn out with a covalent bond. CI will act as the base in this reaction.