Give the IUPAC name for each alkyne. a. CH;CH,CH(CH,)c=cCH,CH3 d. HC=C-CH(CH,CH3)CH,CH,CH3 g. CH3 e. CH,CH2-C-C=CH ČH,CH,CH, b. (CH,),CHC=CCH(CH3)2 c. (CH,CH,),CHC=CCH(CH,CH,)CH(CH,)CH,CH3 f. CH;CH2C=CCH2C=CCH3 h. Give the structure corresponding to each name. a. 5,6-dimethyl-2-heptyne b. 5-tert-butyl-6,6-dimethyl-3-nonyne c. (4S)-4-chloro-2-pentyne d. cis-1-ethynyl-2-methylcyclopentane e. 3,4-dimethyl-1,5-octadiyne f. (6Z)-6-methyl-6-octen-1-yne
Reactive Intermediates
In chemistry, reactive intermediates are termed as short-lived, highly reactive atoms with high energy. They rapidly transform into stable particles during a chemical reaction. In specific cases, by means of matrix isolation and at low-temperature reactive intermediates can be isolated.
Hydride Shift
A hydride shift is a rearrangement of a hydrogen atom in a carbocation that occurs to make the molecule more stable. In organic chemistry, rearrangement of the carbocation is very easily seen. This rearrangement can be because of the movement of a carbocation to attain stability in the compound. Such structural reorganization movement is called a shift within molecules. After the shifting of carbocation over the different carbon then they form structural isomers of the previous existing molecule.
Vinylic Carbocation
A carbocation where the positive charge is on the alkene carbon is known as the vinyl carbocation or vinyl cation. The empirical formula for vinyl cation is C2H3+. In the vinyl carbocation, the positive charge is on the carbon atom with the double bond therefore it is sp hybridized. It is known to be a part of various reactions, for example, electrophilic addition of alkynes and solvolysis as well. It plays the role of a reactive intermediate in these reactions.
Cycloheptatrienyl Cation
It is an aromatic carbocation having a general formula, [C7 H7]+. It is also known as the aromatic tropylium ion. Its name is derived from the molecule tropine, which is a seven membered carbon atom ring. Cycloheptatriene or tropylidene was first synthesized from tropine.
Stability of Vinyl Carbocation
Carbocations are positively charged carbon atoms. It is also known as a carbonium ion.
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