Essay 3 .The result of government deficits is that less savings are available to firms for investment. Explain why and what it means for the economy.
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- Consider a closed economy. If national saving is 1000, GDP is 6000, andconsumption is 4500. Further assume that the government has a deficit of 400. Iftransfer and net interest payment is 400, the tax revenue is ________ and privatesaving is __________.What is a fiscal policy tool used to stimulate economic growth during a recession? A. Increasing government spending B. Reducing taxes C. Selling government bonds D. Reducing government spendingSpring20 fall20 Which of the following expressions equals GDP? Select one: a. compensation of employees + gross investment + rental income + depreciation + corporate profits + indirect taxes-subsidies b. compensation of employees + consumption + depreciation + net investment O C. compensation of employees + net expdsts + depreciation + corporate profits d. compensation of employees + net interest + rental income + depreciation + corporate profits + proprietors' income + indirect taxes - subsidies Next page
- 1. Assume that the loanable funds market in country X is currently in equilibrim represented by thegraph of the loanable funds where interest rate is r1 and Quantity of loanable funds as Q1. Assume that, government of Country X, which had a balanced budged now increased their spendingwhile the taxes are constant.GDP = 1,000 million BDT G = 100 million BDT C = 850 million BDTX = 100 million BDT T = 50 million BDT M = 125 million BDTA) What is the level of investment spending and private savings? B) What are amounts of budget balance (deficit/surplus) and net capital inflow? [Hint: net capitalinflow equals the value of imports (M) minus the value of exports (X)] Assume that the government funds the increase in spending through increased borrowingC) What will be the impact of the policy action on the interest rate and quantity of loanable funds?Draw correctly labeled graph D) Given your answer, how will the private sector be affected? Is there any “crowding out”?Explain. (Take help of…Goverment spending Social Security contributions Corporate taxes Personal income taxes Rent Wages 231 Consumption expenditures 250 Gross Private Domestic Investment 40 Select one: 50 20 5 8 54 OA. 228. B. 155. 301. 84. Using the above table, the Personal Income (Pl) for the country is O C. D. Profit Indirect business taxes Imports Exports Interest Depreciation Gove mment transfer payments 8953565 28 10 10Suppose there is an increase in budget deficit, what happens to intrest rates and national savings ?
- The diagram below shows two budget deficit functions for a hypothetical economy. Budget Deficit (millions of dollars) 14 7.5 4 Real GDP (millions of dollars) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Budget Surplus (millions of dollars) Bo B1 FIGURE 31-2 FIGURE 31-2 Refer to Figure 31-2. Initially, suppose real GDP is $100 million and the budget deficit is $14 million, as shown by point A. Which of following vents coul result in a move from point A to point C? A) a fiscal contraction and a decrease in GDP B) a fiscal expansion and an increase in GDP C) a fiscal expansion and a decrease in GDP an increase in GDP with no change in fiscal policy E) a fiscal contraction and an increase in GDPa. The following plot shows the 12-month percentage growth rates in real personal consumption expenditures (blue line) and in real government expenditures (red line). Do you see any evidence that the latter crowds out the former? Why or why not? 20 15 10 5 -10 -15 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 The following plot shows the 12-month percentage growth rates in real GDP (blue line) and in real government expenditures (red line). What, if any, relationship does there appear to be between these two time series? Briefly explain. Rate of Growth of C (blue) and G (red) 2003 3005 2007 2003 2013 2015 2017 2019 Rate of Growth of Y (blue) and G (red) 2011 2009 2007 2005 2013 2015 2021 2017 2023 2019 2021 2023The table shows the demand for loanable funds schedule and the supply of loanable funds schedule when the govemment budget is balanced. If the government budget deficit is $1.0 trillion, what are the real interest rate, the quantity of investment, and the quantity of private saving? Is there any crowding out in this situation? HEITI If the government budget deficit is $1.0 trillion, the real interest rate is percent a year If the government budget deficit is $1.0 trillion, the quantity of investment is $ trillion, and the quantity trillion. of private saving is $ S Is there any crowding out in this situation? OA. Yes. The deficit increases the real interest rate, which decreases investment. GELOO Real interest rate (percent per year) 4 677997 8 10 4 Loanable funds Loanable funds demanded supplied (trillions of 2012 dollars per year) 8.5 8.0 05 77761 7.5 7.0 6.5 05 6.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 6770 00
- Assume the United States Personal Savings equals zero. Using national income accounting concepts, show what this might mean for U.S. private investment spending and the US trade relationship with the world. How would the United States finance its investment spending? How would the US finance its government budget, especially if it becomes a budget deficit? Show and explainSuppose the government runs fewer budget deficit and there is a decrease in the average household income. Then, O The new EQ quantity of loanable funds would be indeterminate, , but the new EQ interest rate would increase. O The new EQ quantity of loanable funds would decrease, but the new EQ interest rate would be indeterminate. O The new EQ quantity of loanable funds would be indeterminate, , but the new EQ interest rate would decrease. The new EQ quantity of loanable funds would be indeterminate, but the new EQ interest rate would increase. The new EQ quantity of loanable funds would increase, but the new EQ interest rate would be indeterminate.For this question, assume that all price levels are fixed. Now suppose that there is a real depreciation. This real depreciation will cause which of the following to occur? Question 4Answer a. None of the answers b. a reduction in exports c. an increase in imports d. a reduction in net exports e. a reduction in demand for domestic output