Determine the structural constitution of a steel with 0.4% carbon at 727ºC during its cooling. Suggestion: Calculate using the lever rule
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Determine the structural constitution of a steel with 0.4% carbon at 727ºC during its cooling. Suggestion: Calculate using the lever rule
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- Q1: Austenitized 40 mm diameter 5140 alloy steel bar is quenched in agitated oil. Predict what is the Rockwell hardness of this bar will be at (a) its surface and (b) its center (c) What do you think about the difference in hardness number between the center and surface (d) Differentiate between hardness and hardenability (e) Rank the steels in the figure below from lowest to highest hardenability and explain why. Cooling rate at 700°C (°C/sec) 300 150 011/3 55 100 600 Bar diameter (mm) 80 60 40 20 0 OLL 0 0 ww 25 12.5 8 5 S -------------- M-R 10 3/4-R Agitated oil 15 20 1/4 3/4 Distance from quenched end. De (Jominy distance) 5.5 4 3 Bar diameter (in.) 0 25 mm 1 in. Hardness (Rockwell C) Where (C = center, S = surface, M-R mid-radius) 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 0 10 1 20 Distance from quenched end (mm) 5140 1 30 L 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 Distance from quenched end (sixteenths of an inch) 4340 40 9840 4140 8640 50Q3: With a moderately agitated water, a cylindrical piece of steel with 80 mm diameter is to be quenched. The hardnesses of the surface and center must be at least 55 and 40 HRC, respectively. Which of these alloys will satisfy the following requirements: 1040, 5140, 4340, 4140, 8620, 8630, 8640, and 8660? Cooling rate at 700c Cooling rate at 700°c 170 70 31 18 5.6 3.9 "C 270 170 70 31 18 9 60 2 "Os 5.6 3.9 2.8 100 100 50 4340 80 75 3 Surface 40 4140 Center 8640 30 5140 25 1040 20 10 20 30 40 50 mm 10 20 30 mm Distance from quenched end Equivalent distance from quenched end Figure 3 Figure 4 Hardness, HRC Percent martensite Diameter of bar (mm)7. Consider 1.5 kg of a 99.6 wt% Fe-0.4 wt% C steel that is cooled to a temperature just below the eutectoid. (a) How many kilograms of ferrite (a) form? (b) How many kilograms of cementite (Fe;C) form? Include your tie line in the solution. 1600| L 1400 T(°C) 1200 (austenite) y+L 1148°C L+Fe;C 1000 Y + Fe;C 800 727°C 600 a + Fe;C 400 1 2 4 6 6.7 C, wt% C Fe;C (cementite)
- Excellent combinations of hardness, strength, and toughness are obtained from bainite. One heat treater austenitized a eutectoid steel at 750°C, quenched and held the steel at 250°C for 15 min, and finally permitted the steel to cool to room temperature. Did he produce the required bainitic structure? Use the diagram below in your answer 900 600 700 14 00 Y. 400 12 52 M. 00 57 M. 100 0.3 10 10 10 Answer: Time Temperature ("C) Rockwell Chardnens2 By using the Iron - Carbon diagram that you have. Find 5 of the following. 1- Find the Eutectic, Eutectoid temperature of cast iron with 4.3% C 2- The microstructure of Cast iron with 3.5% C. 3- Find the melting point and microstructure of steel with 0.83% C 4- Define the temperature range for Acm temperature. 5- Find the AC3, Ac¡ temperature of steel with 0.45% C 6- The Liquid and Austinite percent with chemical composition for cast iron with 2.3% C at 1300°CQ1: Austenitized 40 mm diameter 5140 alloy steel bar is quenched in agitated oil. Predict what is the Rockwell hardness of this bar will be at (a) its surface and (b) its center (c) What do you think about the difference in hardness number between the center and surface (d) Differentiate between hardness and hardenability (e) Rank the steels in the figure below from lowest to highest hardenability and explain why. 600- Bar diameter (mm) 100 80 60 40 20 0 300 0 Cooling rate at 700°C (°C/sec). -150 55 0 تنا 25 ------- 5 S 10 12.5 8 M-R L 1/2 34-R Agitated oil 15 20 ¼ ¾ Distance from quenched end. De (Jominy distance) 5,5 54 Car Bar diameter (in.) 0 25 mm. 1 in. Hardness (Rockwell C) Where (C = center, S = surface, M-R = mid-radius) 2828 292 65 60- 55- 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 0 J 10 5140 30 20 Distance from quenched end (mm) 4340 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 Distance from quenched end (sixteenths of an inch) 40 9840 4140 8640 50
- 6. Match the proper description of the microstructure depicted below. Put the corresponding number/letter in the box beneath the microstructure. Assume equilibrium cooling conditions. Fe3C Fe3C Fe3CDetermine the tensile strength, yield strength and percentage elongation (% ductility) for an iron- carbon alloy with 0.76 wt % carbon composition. O Yield strength - 60000 psi : Tensile strength - 110000 psi: Ductility - 15% O Yield strength - 130000 psi : Tensile strength - 68000 psi;: Ductility - 10% O Yield strength - 68000 psi : Tensile strength - 130000 psi; Ductility - 10% O Yield strength 50000 psi: Tensile strength - 100000 psi: Ductility - 20% O Yield strength - 86000 psi : Tensile strength 150000 psi: Ductility 25%A 609 g eutectoid steel ( about 0.8%C) is heated to 1,002 C and cooled slowly through the eutectorid temperature. This results in the formation of cementite Fe3C (6.67%C) and ferrite (0.025%C). Calculate the number of grams of cementite that form in the steel.
- The chemical composition of X38CrMoV5-3 steel is given in the table below. b) This steel is austenitized at 1050 ° C and hardened by giving water in oil (completely martensite structure has been formed and has a hardness of 57 HRC) and tempered at 510 ° C to reduce its hardness (54 HRC) and gain toughness. In addition, it is desired to harden the surface by nitration. In order to achieve the desired surface hardness, liquid nitration should be done at 600 ° C, gas nitration at 510 ° C and plasma nitration at 450 ° C. Which nitration method do you prefer? Why is that?Calculate the weight fraction for phases at point B? what are those phases? Is there any eutectic rection? How many phases are present in this diagram? Cu-Ni system T(°C) TA 1300 -L (liquid): A tie ļine liquidus L +a Тв EB solidus (solid) 1200 TD ID 20 3032 35: 4043 50 Ca wt% NiThe TTT diagram for a 1076 eutectoid steel is given: What is the heat treatment process to form 50% Coarse Pearlite + 50% Martensite. 800 A 1400 Eutectoid temperature 700 A 1200 600 1000 500 800 400 A 600 300 M(start) 200 50% 400 M + A M(50%) M(90%) 100 200 10-1 1 10 102 103 104 105 Time (s) Temperature (°C) Temperature (°F)