(d) Describe TWO (2) properties of minerals that you could use to identify mineral. an unknown
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- How and Why is the Cleavage of Mineral important in Civil Engineering? Provide a thorough discussionUse the diagram below to answer the questions that follow: i. .Which type of plate boundary occurs at X? ii. What feature occurs at Y, and how does it form? iii. State what happens at Z. iv. Identify the three plates in the diagram and name the materials that make up each plate. v. Which type of plate boundary occurs at Y? vi. What feature occurs at X and how does it form?B- Give the value for the following: 1 Ratio of the Aluminum in whole carth. 2 The thickness of the Atmosphere. 3 Poisson ratio range for rocks. 4 Range of the tunnels diameter in TBM (Tunnel Boring Machines) method. 5 Hardness of Quartz in Mohs scale.
- QUESTION 1 (a) List the 10 minerals in the Moh’s hardness scale, from the softest one to the hardest one. (b) According to the definition of minerals, point out which one is a mineral among the following ones (quartz, water, ice, coal, petroleum). (c) Indicate the differences between color and streak, using magnetite, hematite and limonite as examples. (d) State the difference between cleavage and fracture of minerals, using quartz and mica as examples. QUESTION 2 (a) What is the theory of plate tectonics? (b) State the two (2) types of plates and three (3) types of boundaries. (c) How many percent do sedimentary rocks take in the crust (volume) and in the continents area? (d) What are major mineral components in sedimentary rocks? QUESTION 3 (a) Define the following terms with sketches where appropriate: i) Rock deformation ii) Strike iii) Dip iv) Dip angle (b) What is the difference between normal and reverse faults? Show diagrams1) Describe bonding and structure in clay minerals and name groups and specific minerals. 2) Draw structures. 3) What are the most frequent substitutions?Write T on the blank provided if the statement is correct. If it is false,underline and replace the word(s) with the word(s) that will make the statement true. ___________________ Clay minerals can be recognized from their crystal structures, and physicaland chemical properties.___________________ A 1:1-layer phyllosilicate has two tetrahedral sheets attached to atetrahedral sheet.___________________ A 2:1-layer phyllosilicate has two octahedral sheets and a tetrahedralsheet.___________________ Soil with a high CEC adsorbs limited number of anions in the soil solutionsite.___________________ Soil with a low CEC absorbs huge number of cations in the adsorptionsite.
- B- Give the value for the following: 1 Ratio of the Aluminum in whole earth. 2 The thickness of the Atmosphere. 3 Poisson ratio range for rocks. 4 Range of the tunnels diameter in TBM (Tunnel-Boring Machines) method. 5 Hardness of Quartz in Mohs scale.Distinction between clay minerals and nonclay minerals.What is the relationship between the silica structure and the Bowen's reaction discontinuous series?
- Choose two physical property of minerals and explain why it is important in the Civil Engineering field.Name two minerals in your set that have two directions of cleavage at right angles, and the third direction is fracture.Is it true that the effective surface area of kaolinite is limited to external surfaces?