A situation in which a decision maker must choose bety possible outcome when the probability of each outcom O certainty
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- If a decision maker can assign probabilities of occurrences to the states of nature then the decision- making environment is Decision Making under Risk. O True O False Next Previous Not saved Submit Oiz MacBook Air DD F7 6日 000 F5 F4 レ 8.A decision tree is a graphic display of the decision process that indicates decision alternatives, states of nature and their respective probabilities, and payoffs for each combination of alternative and states of nature. O True O False * Previous Next ► MacBook Air 000 000 DD F7 セゴ F5 $ & レ 9 * 00Alternative A1 A2 Prior Probability State of Nature S1 S2 -40 100 0.4 75 0 0.6 There is an option of paying $100 to have research done to better predict which state of nature will occur. When the true state of nature is S1, the research will accurately predict S1 60% of the time. When the true state of nature is S2, the research will accurately predict S2 80% of the time. What is the posterior probability of S2 given that the research predicts S2?
- The Gorman Manufacturing Company must decide whether to manufacture a component part at its Milan, Michigan, plant or purchase the component part from a supplier. The resulting profit is dependent upon the demand for the product. The following payoff table shows the projected profit (in thousands of dollars): Decision State of Nature Alternative Low Demand (S1) Medium Demand (S2) High Demand )S3) Manufacture, d(1) -20 40 100 Purchase, d(2) 10 45 70 The state-of-nature probabilities are P s1= 0.35, P s2= 0.35, and P s3= 0.30 Use expected value to recommend a decision.A salesperson uses three different airlines. The probabilities of switching from one airline to another in consecutive flights are shown below. If the last flight was on Delta, what is the probability that the next was on American? American Delta Southwest American 0.5 0.25 0.25 Delta 0.2 0.6 0.2 Southwest 0.3 0.3 0.4 A 0.5 B 0.2 C 0.25 D 0.6The Decision Variables in a What If analysis provide the limitations for each variable. True False
- Risk-neutral probabilities are always Select one: O equal to atomic prices O negative O less than physical probabilities O equal to physical probabilities O equal to forward atomic pricesWhat are the probabilities in a decision problem called that are computed from the prior probabilities using Bayes Theorem? posterior probabilities O binomial probabilities O none of the other choices O one-step transition probabilities « Previous Next SimpfunTexas Petroleum Company is a producer of crude oil that is considering two drilling projects with the following profit outcomes and associated probabilities: Drilling Project, A Profit -$300,000 100,000 500,000 600,000 Probability (percent) 10 60 20 10 Drilling Project, B Profit -$600,000 100,000 300,000 1,000,000 The manager's attitude toward risk is as follows: Profit ($'000) -600 -300 100 U(II) 0.00 0.05 0.20 Note: U(II) stands for utility index of profit. 300 0.30 500 0.45 Probability (percent) 15 25 40 20 600 0.55 1,000 1.00 In making decision under risk, which project will be chosen by the manager of Texas Petroleum Company based on his behaviour toward risk? Also describe the manager's ways of handling decision-making associate with risk. Justify your answers using numerical explanation.
- O True O False %23 Previous 08 4. %2$ F4 000 000 5. F5 making environment is Decision Making under Risk. 9. MacBook Air & F7 DD 8. F8 Next If a decision maker can assign probabilities of occurrences to the states of nature then the decision-The preference of an agents on lotteries can be represented by an expected utility function u such that u(x) = 3y^1/2 -10. Then the agent is A) not risk averse B) risk loving C) risk neutral D) risk averse E) NOPACYour company must decide whether to introduce a new product. The sales of the product will be either at a high (success) or low (failure) level. The conditional value for this decision is as follows Decision High Low Introduce $4,000,000 -$2,000,000 Do Not Introduce 0 0 Probability 0.3 0.7 You have the option to conduct a market survey to sharpen you market demand estimate. The survey costs $200,000. The survey provides incomplete information about the sales, with three possible outcomes: (1) predicts high sales, (2) predicts low sales, or (3) inconclusive. Such surveys have in the past provided these results Result High Low Predicts High 0.4 0.1 Inconclusive 0.4 0.5 Predicts Low 0.2 0.4 c) Draw the complete decision tree, including the survey option. Explain where the values on the decision tree come from