8. What enzyme breaks peptide bonds which occur to the carboxyl terminal side of aromatic amino acids? Relate the pH profile of this enzyme to its catalytic mechanism. HINT: Draw out the pH profile and initial steps of the mechanism for this enzyme.
Enzyme kinetics
In biochemistry, enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. Catalysis is the addition of a catalyst to a chemical reaction to speed up the pace of the reaction. Catalysis can be categorized as either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on whether the catalysts are distributed in the same phase as that of the reactants. Enzymes are an essential part of the cell because, without them, many organic processes would slow down and thus will affect the processes that are important for cell survival and sustenance.
Regulation of Enzymes
A substance that acts as a catalyst to regulate the reaction rate in the living organism's metabolic pathways without itself getting altered is an enzyme. Most of the biological reactions and metabolic pathways in the living systems are carried out by enzymes. They are specific for their works and work in particular conditions. It maintains the best possible rate of reaction in the most stable state. The enzymes have distinct properties as they can proceed with the reaction in any direction, their particular binding sites, pH specificity, temperature specificity required in very few amounts.
An enzyme has an optimum pH, on both sides of which the velocity will be drastically reduced. The graph will show a bell curve. The pH decides the charge of the amino acid residues at the active site. The net charge on the enzyme protein would influence substrate binding and catalytic activity. Optimum pH varies depending on the temperature, concentration of substrate, presence of ions ects. Usually, enzymes have the optimum pH between 6 and 8.
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