Manzoor et al (2013) reported that Pir Lisura N. Park, AJK, Pakistan area has 159 species of vascular plants, belonging to 83 different families which includes 48 species of trees, 38 shrubs, 61 herbs, 7 grasses, 1 epiphyte and 4 ferns. Among trees 2 species of gymnosperms which are widely distributed on all mountain slopes and most frequently exploited for timber. Other 46 tree species are angiosperms which occur in selected patches of favourable habitat, mostly associated with human settlements and agricultural fields.
Malik et al. (2009) recognized on the whole13 plant communities with a total of 77 species in Pir Chinasi Hills of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. It appeared that Ficus-Lepedium-Chenopodium community might be the remnant of the original temperate forest. The associated woody species were Acacia, Diospyrus, Aesculus, Morus , Pyrus , Berberis , Indigofera, Rubus and Zanthoxylum.
Ajaib et al (2010) conducted a study on useful shrubs of district Kotli, Azad J & K, Pakistan and made to record 38 species of 36 genera belonging to 25 families found useful in everyday life of local inhabitants as medicinal, fuel, shelter and fodder/forage and in making agricultural tools. Most of the shrubs were noticed having more than one ethnobotanical use. Family Rhamnaceae was recorded unique among all the families in having comparatively the highest number of species.
Kiran et al (2000) concentrated on Fodder trees and shrubs of Jammu and Kashmir, India which is a hilly state
I will first list trees there are pines,oak,maple,elm trees, evergreen spruce, fir,and the deciduous larch. Second I will list plants Blue Bead lily,Goldthread,and Pearly Everlasting.
Pakistani culture consists of many different ethnic groups, languages, gender roles, and religions. “It is the world's sixth most populous country, has an estimated population of 176 million. The annual population growth of 2.1% resulted in the population quadrupling in the past 50 years with 41% below age 15” (Marvi & Howard, 2013). The different ethnic groups that Pakistani culture consists of are, Punjabi which is the largest ethnic group, Pashtun, Sindhi, and smaller groups, Pakistan (2017). Due to the diversity in Pakistan, there are many languages spoken in Pakistani culture. English language is primarily taught in the schools. Another largely use language is Urdu, “which is the nation's unifying language”, Pakistan (2017). There are many other languages used in Pakistan which usually correlates with the ethnic group one is a part of.
Please record the address of the property where the samples were collected, or—even better—provide GPS coordinates). You will bring these leaves to the college and will identify the trees they came from using accepted scientific methodology. I will give you guidance in how to identify the tree species. (Note that this may involve meeting outside of class time). You will then write a paper, using the same format as your regular lab report, on the identity of the trees, whether they are native to our area or not, and discuss why they might be growing where you found them. Your paper will be reviewed and you will have the option to either accept the grade given, or correcting any problems found. If problems are corrected, your grade will be raised to the maximum and your paper submitted for possible publication online at www.saturnjournal.org. This will be worth 10 bonus points. 3. Extra exam credit. There will be four bonus points available on each of the two lab practicals, and five bonus points on the final lecture exam, for a total of thirteen bonus points. Total bonus points available = 30. When added to your lowest qualifying exam grade, this equates to a maximum of six (6) points added to your final course average. EXAM POLICY: A. Repeating exams. Please note that each exam may be taken once only. Exams may not be repeated because you are not happy
These areas are called the Coastal, Lowland, Temperate rain forest, Montane, Subalpine, and Alpine. The most common trees and plant in the Coastal Forest is the Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), Salal (Gaultheria shallon), and the Deer fern (Blechnum spicant). Second, the Lowlands common species are Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), Coast Red Elderberry (Sambucus racemosa), and Bleeding Heart (Dicentra formosa). Third, the Temperate Rain Forest most common trees and plants are Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis), Salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis), Licorice fern (Polypodium glycyrrhiza), and Oregon Oxalis (Oxalis oregana). Fourth, the Montane Forest includes the Alaska Yellow-Cedar (Chaemaecyparis nootkatensis), Salal (Gaultheria shallon), and Coralroot (Corallorhiza mertensiana). Fifth, the Subalpine Forest trees and plants are the Mountain Hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana), Blueberries (Vaccinium sp.), and Avalanche Lily (Erythronium montanum). And lastly the Alpine Forest includes only a few common species the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), and Flett’s violet (Viola flettii). The variety of tree and plant seem to change with
Large variety of plants that the Daintree Rainforest is considered a jungle including 390 rare plants
To see the differences of the two sites, basal area, density, species richness, and the Shannon diversity index were used. Basal area and density is the average amount of space of trees in hectares. Basal area is taken using the tree diameters while density uses the number of trees. Species richness is the number of species found. Abundance of each species is used to find the Shannon diversity index. The Sorensen similarity index compares the areas based on the number of the same species. Also, different species were looked at to find the relative basal area, relative density, and importance value of the trees. There were differences and similarities in both
Mawsynram, another city in India, averages at 467 inches of rain every year, so it is known as the “wettest place on Earth.” Plants in the climate region: What are they and how are they unique? How have they adapted to this region’s weather? Talk about many plants but pick one to focus on when talking about adaptations and uniqueness.
Dominant types of plant species found in the Rainforest include tulda (Bengal Bamboo), spectablis (Bougainvillea), nucifera (coconut tree), zibethinus (Durian), and aqueum (Jambu)(Rainforest Plants, [date unknown]) Dominant types of plant species found in the Desert include wislezeni (Barrel cactus), brevifolia (Joshua tree), and deltoidea (Triangle-leaf bursage). (Desert Plants, [date unknown])
The variety of habitats in Fiordland support a diverse range of flora and fauna, with many developing in
During laboratory week seven of Biology 232, the experiment of peroxidase characterization in monocot plants and dicot plants was presented to the students. The plants students could choose from were radishes, turnips, and beets. The stressing of the plants was to be carried out over two weeks, during the students’ fall break, as the experimental procedures were to be carried out over laboratory weeks eight and nine to identify peroxidase activity. The two taxonomic classifications of plants are Dicotyledonae and Monocotoledonae, which were discovered in 1682 by John Ray.
subalpine and treeline forests that supply food and shelter for hundreds of plant and animal
maximus and S. surattensis at varying elevations. Percent cover is often used to determine the coverage of a particular species; in this case it is used to determine the cover of Guinea grass and Kolomano on the different plots. Based on observations from several ridge hikes, a hypothesis had been drawn up, and stated that: As elevation increases, so does percent cover of M. maximus and S. surrattensis. M. maximus is a good species to test because of it’s high abundance, particularly on the ridge. Kolomano is also a readily available on the ridge and is easily visible due to its flowers. By collecting measurements of percent cover at each of the 11 plots, the hypothesis could be supported or refuted.
Staver et al., 2009). On the other hand, scholars who are against this hypothesis argue that the
The name “Nullarbor” comes from the Latin for “no trees”, but the landscape is covered in small hardy shrubs such as bluebush that are drought-resistant and salt-tolerant.
Seedlings are very susceptible and important stage of plant life cycle (Grubb 1977). Because of this a better understanding of how seedlings of individual species in a community perform under changed environmental conditions relative to one another. It helps to explain the composition of plant communities. In dry tropical environment, germination and growth occur within a limited period of time. The environmental factor such as light , nutrients and moisture should be favorable during this period (Khurana and Singh 2002). Most of the researches have been conducted various studies on tree seedling growth of dry tropical species by focusing on spatiotemporal pattern of seedling recruitment in response to disturbance events such as fire and herbivory (Bond et al. 2001), or on consequences of seed characteristics for seedling demography and growth such as dispersal mechanisms (Barot et al. 1999;Goheen et al. 2004) and seed size (Khurana and Singh 2000).