HUMN 150- ONLINE QUIZ 1
Rate each of the following statements as TRUE or FALSE. Justify your answer with an example or explanation to prove and illustrate your understanding. DO NOT OMIT THIS PART OF THE TEST. True/False answers can be guessed. But when you defend your answer by example or explanation, you demonstrate not only your memory and understanding but also that you can apply what you have learned. The first question is answered for you.
FALSE1. Observation skills are learned mainly through book learning. Support for Answer: On the contrary, observation is learned from participation, which is more active and spontaneous than reading. Samuel Scudder learned observing through the active coaching of his teacher
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This observation was his insight.
FALSE 6. Agassiz was simply too busy to give his students all the assistance he needed. Support for Answer:
He wanted his students to look deeper into the fish. He wanted them to find the most conspicuous features of the fish. Sure, he could of just told them, they were wrong, but that would not teach them the true meaning of observing.
FALSE 7. Perception and sensation are synonyms. Support for Answer: Only perception is used as a synonym for sensing, although there are many distinct differences. Perception can be both passive and active.
TRUE 8. It is difficult to feel sensation and to think at the same time. If we want to feel whether a pair of new shoes fits properly, we have to pay attention. Support for Answer: As the book state on page 30, “yet, when we begin to think, we risk cutting ourselves off from our sensations”, meaning, that we cannot think and hand feel the sensation at the same time. We would lose track of what we were thinking of to feel the object.
TRUE 9. Assimilation, according to Piaget, is an experience of easily understanding something that readily fits into our preexisting schemes or worldview. Support for Answer: Piaget did think that assimilation was that of being able to insert new data easily into an existing mental folder. He also thought that assimilation and accommodation were part of a
The brain is considered the most complex organ in the body. It is responsible for controlling motor function, the body’s ability to balance and the ability to translate information sent to the brain by sensory organs. The mind is described as the faculty of consciousness and thought. It’s where our feeling and emotions originate from and defines who we are as a person. The brain is composed of the visual cortex, which is responsible for processing visual information. In blind individuals the feature that makes up visions still exists in the visual cortex. These features are now used to process information received from the other senses. However, blind individuals are able to view the images because what’s in their mind.
She argues the reader can conceive of feeling the pain from the pinch while being disembodied and, because conceivability equals possibility, it is possible to feel pain without a physical state. For disembodied pain to be possible, sensations like pain cannot be identical to physical states. Therefore, physicalism must be false. (113) Gertler posits that thought experiments like hers are useful only when the concepts they involve are made clear and unambiguous. Both the concepts of the physical and of pain, she asserts, are not subject to lack of clarity or comprehension. (114) Since we have a “sufficiently comprehensive” understanding of these two central concepts in the thought experiment, the conceivability test provides justification for what is possible. If what we can conceive can be possible, then conceiving of disembodied pain, having satisfactory understanding of what pain means, results in the possibility of disembodied pain.
3. Describe Piaget’s processes of assimilation and accommodation. Use an example to illustrate the processes. Assimilation is when children deal with new experiences based on
Reporter: A new campaign finance reform bill being considered by Congress would limit the amount of campaign contributions that political candidates can receive. However, a survey of candidates running for mayor, governor, and senate seats shows that not one of them favors the bill. Clearly, there is no desire among politicians to limit campaign contributions.
Question 7 1 out of 1 points Correct we do not experience everything in our perceptual field. Answer Correct Answer: True
3. Meaning/Purpose - In the biblical/Christian Worldview our purpose in life is to build a relationship with God through his son Jesus Christ. We are also to spread the message of Jesus to others so that they may be saved as well. As Buddhists do not believe in God, they believe our purpose in life is to eliminate our suffering and stop the cycle of reincarnation.
A central concept in Piaget’s theory is that of the schema. It is defined as an internalized representation of the world or an ingrained and systematic pattern or thoughts, action, and problem solving. Our schemata are developed through social learning or direct learning. Both processes involve assimilation, which is
Piaget and Vygotsky both believed that young children actively learn from their hands-on, day-to-day experiences. Jean Piaget portrayed children as "little scientists" who go about actively constructing their understanding of the world. His theories hold the essence of developmentally appropriate curriculum since Piaget believed that children undergo cognitive development in a stage-based manner, such that a very young child would not think about things the same way that an adult might. He referred to the knowledge and the manner in which the knowledge is gained as a schema. In order to build on the cognitive stages that children experience, informal learning opportunities, formal instructional sessions, and the utilized curriculum must all dovetail with a child's current cognitive stage so that assimilation of the new knowledge may occur. Working with what the child knows and experiences, parents and teachers create bridges to the next cognitive stage that are characterized by the child's accommodation. Piaget argued that optimal learning took place in this manner and that adults should avoid thinking that they can accelerate a child's development through the age-based, maturity-referenced stages. This is because a child works toward establishing an equilibrium between the assimilation and application of new knowledge and changing their behavior to accommodate their newly adopted schemas.
Piaget’s theory is that he believed it is in a child's nature to be curious about their surroundings, children want to grasp an understanding of what is going on around them, sometimes their ideas may or may not be correct. According to Piaget, “Assimilation which occurs when new experiences are readily incorporated into a child’s existing theories” (172). For example, this means that a child knows when the family dog barks and licks his face. When the child has the same experience at another house it makes sense because they child has already learned that theory of the dog.
Piaget believed that there were three processes involved in moving from one stage to the next these were assimilation accommodation and equilibrium. Assimilation is the process of converting new information so
Piaget’s theory also allowed us a way to accept and understand that children's cognitive behavior is intrinsically motivated. Social and other reinforcements do influence children's cognitive explorations but children learn because of the way they are built. In Piaget’s mind cognitive adapts to the environment through assimilation. Also accommodation is a type of biological adaptation (Flavell, 1996). According to Piaget in order to characterize cognitive development in humans we need to understand co-present in cognitive activity which is cognitive structure (Flavell, 1996). Piaget was the first psychologist to try explaining describing cognitive development. His argument is that intellectual advances are made through the equilibration process that has three steps: the first step is for the cognitive equilibrium to de at a low development level; then, cognitive disequilibrium has to be induced by discrepant or inassimilable phenomena and lastly cognitive equilibration has to be at a higher developmental level.
Not everything can be assimilated into existing schemas, though, and the process of accommodation must be used. In accommodation, existing schemas are modified or new schemas are created to process new information. According to Piaget, cognitive development involves an ongoing attempt to achieve a balance between assimilation and accommodation that he termed equilibration. He formulated a theory that systematically describes and explains how intellect develops. The basis of his theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of four distinct stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations.
Another way Piaget explained interpreting a situation is through accommodation. Accommodation can be defined as an individual changing his or her identity as a result of facing situations that challenge the individual’s current view of him or herself. By doing so it helps the
The concept of equilibrium and disequilibrium are important to the four stages of development. Equilibrium is achieved through balance and successful stage transition while disequilibrium is the opposite. In achieving this balance the child “adjust his or her thinking (schema) to resolve conflict” (Powell & Kalina, 2009, p. 241). According to Piaget, assimilation occurs when knowledge matches children’s schemas and accommodation occurs when children change their schemas to fit new knowledge.
As I read, I did not make it past the second page before I started questioning the reading. On page two, the text discusses Piaget’s formulation of assimilation and accommodation. It compares the two thoughts to “Batman and Robin.”