Avoidant Personality Disorder Research Paper

PTSD is a disorder that develops in some people who have seen or lived through a shocking, scary, or dangerous event.

PTSD is a disorder brought on by a traumatic event, most commonly seen among veterans returning from battle or victims of sexual assault. Symptoms of this mental conditions include things such as: unpleasant dreams of event, distress brought on by environmental cues, increase in fight-or-flight response, and alterations

PTSD stands for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder which is what happens when a person experiences a shocking and unforgettable event in their lifetime and is left with stress and horrible memories. It is most common in people who have come back from war and have seen things such as their friends passing away or even after they have killed someone. It is also found in people who have gone through natural disasters like earthquakes and floods or even a car accident. Even children have been diagnosed after they have suffered a physical or sexual assault in their childhood.

Avoidant personality disorder is defined as experiencing an extreme pattern of feelings of inadequacy accompanied by fear of social contact (Funder, 2013). It is difficult to imagine going through life without ever feeling inadequate, or failing at something (Funder, 2013). Avoidant personality disorder is high in the trait of neuroticism, and low in extraversion (Funder, 2013). An adaptive trait associated with avoidant personality disorder is a person who is sensitive, quiet and essentially a homebody (Funder, 2013).

It known as the anxious and fearful Cluster. It includes avoidant, obsessive-compulsive and dependent personality disorder. They all have a genetic association to anxiety. Individuals who are shy, timid, and socially inhibited characterize the avoidant personality disorder. They have extremely low self-esteem, and see themselves as incapable, inadequate and undesirable. This people want close relationships, but rarely take social risks. As a result, they avoid social situations, which makes it harder for them to meet people. They are also hypersensitive to rejection and negative feedback, becoming even more withdrawn when that happens.

Avoidant personality disorder is an anxious personality disorder characterized by extreme levels of discomfort in public, beliefs in one’s relative inadequacy, and sensitivity to criticism (Comer 425). Oftentimes, people with this condition prefer to be solitary over risking rejection by the outside world (Avoidant); they do whatever possible to keep others from gaining the opportunity to hurt them. Some psychologists distinguish avoidant personality disorder from social anxiety disorder (Comer 425) while others believe they should not be considered separate disorders due to the significant symptom overlap and the frequency of co-occurrence (Nelson-Gray 31).

Isolation or unconcerned with the existence of others is a common outcome from APD. The “outcast” does not like to socialize without anyone or conform to any societal norms. Because of this, they continue to not have any relationship or connection with another

Diagnosing or defining someone with a mental health disorder can be more complicated as it requires an in depth assessment. The mental health professional will determine the pattern that the client may be displaying. These patterns can be present, remitting, relapsing and or it could be a single episode. This diagnosis could be schizophrenia, mood disorders or anxiety disorder. There are four conceptual domains that are important in understanding the nature of psychiatric disabilities (Corrigan, 2016). The first domain is the diagnosis such as schizophrenia, mood disorders or anxiety disorder. Second are psychiatric syndromes. Third is co-occurring disorders, and the fourth is a disability. The signs and symptoms do vary from person to person.

PTSD is a disorder in which a person has difficulty recovering after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event. Like witnessing someone get assinated

PTSD is an anxiety disorder caused by an indirect or direct exposure to actual traumatic event such as death, serious injury, or sexual violence. It was first seen after World War 1 after many soldiers had intense anxiety reactions to the horror they faced at war (Piotrowski). More than 5 million people in the United States suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (Post). The symptoms include recurrent, involuntary outburst of anger, flashbacks of the event, self-destructive behavior, depression, disturbing dreams and difficulty concentrating (Piotrowski). Most individuals only experience theses symptom within the first 3 months of the trauma. Among these individuals they usually describe a painful feeling of guilt about surviving when others did not, such as a soldier coming home from war (Piotrowski). Even though, we mainly hear about PTSD in solders, it can be caused by any traumatic event that takes place like earthquakes, car accident, fire, domestic violence,

The researchers also compared patients with Avoidant Personality Disorder and without Social Phobia to patients with Social Phobia without Avoidant Personality Disorder.

Individuals with Avoidant Personality Disorder are subject to inadequacies in social situations that may cause embarrassment, anxiety, or rejection. They are over sensitive to any kind of criticism and they tend to develop some kind of phobia that stems from this disorder. They tend to live alone; however they can manage limited contact with family and friends (Market, 2008). The recommended treatment for this disorder is psychotherapy.

In conclusion, avoidance is certainty intertwined with many aspects of DID. Avoidance of severe trauma contributes to the onset of DID, as researchers propose alternative identities are created to solely consume trauma (Huntjens et al., 2016). While this was found to be only accurate at a metacognitive level (Boysen & VanBergen, 2014), it highlights a needed conceptual shift in understanding avoidant personalities as still relatively free from trauma, but as being achieved by cognitive avoidance of trauma, in oppose to inaccessibility of trauma. This avoidant nature was found to be subjectively evident in all personalities (Huntjens et al., 2016) and is a barrier to identity fusion (ISSTD, 2011). Accordingly, many successful treatments were

There are key differences in each of the clusters of personality disorders. Cluster A has common features of social awkwardness and socially withdrawing from people, leaving them to often times spend time alone. People diagnosed with these disorders often have distorted thinking which in turn leads them to have a hard time trusting others leading to social detachment and discomfort in settings that require them to be social. Cluster B has common features relating to issues with controlling impulses and regulating emotions. People diagnosed with these disorders often act impulsively putting themselves at risk for harm and have trouble regulating their emotions and often don’t feel and remorse for their actions. Cluster C has common features in relation to increased levels of anxiety. Anxiety in this category can relate to social anxiety, fear of losing others, and anxiety related to orderliness and following rules.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness. It often involves exposure to trauma from single events that involve death or the threat of death or serious injury. PTSD may also be linked to ongoing emotional trauma, such as abuse in a relationship. PTSD causes intrusive