ACCT3001 Additional Questions 2024

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Curtin University *

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Accounting

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May 12, 2024

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Curtin University School of Accounting, Economics and Finance ACCT3001 Accounting, Behaviour and Control Additional Questions Semester 1, 2024 Page 1 of 12
AQ-1 The following items are used to describe various economic characteristics of costs. a. Opportunity cost b. Out-of-pocket cost c. Sunk cost d. Differential cost e. Marginal cost f. Average cost Required: Choose one of the terms listed above to characterise each of the amounts described below: 1. The cost of feeding 500 children in a public-school cafeteria is $800 per day, or $1.60 per child per day. What economic term describes this $1.60? 2. The cost of including one extra child in a day-care centre. 3. The cost of merchandise inventory purchased two years ago, which is now obsolete. 4. The management of a high-rise office building uses 2,500 square feet of space in the building for its own management functions. This space could be rented for $250,000. What economic term describes this $250,000 in lost rental revenue? 5. The cost of building an automated assembly line in a factory is $800,000. The cost of building a manually operated assembly line is $375,000. What economic term is used to describe the difference between these two amounts? 6. Referring to the preceding questions, what economic term is used to describe the $800,000 cost of building the automated assembly line? 7. The cost incurred by a mass customizer such as Dell Computer to produce one more unit in its most popular line of laptop computers. Page 2 of 12
AQ-2 You just started a summer internship with the successful management consulting firm of Kiri, Spock and McCoy. Your first day on the job was a busy one, the following problem was presented to you. FastQ Company, a specialist in printing, has established 500 convenience copying centers throughout the country. In order to upgrade its services, the company is considering three new models of laser copying machines for use in producing high-quality copies. These high-quality copies would be added to the growing list of products offered in the FastQ shops. The selling price to the customer for each laser copy would be the same, no matter which machine is installed in the shop. The three models of laser copying machines under consideration are 1024S, a small-volume model, 1024M, a medium-volume model; and 1024G, a large volume model. The annual rental costs and the operating costs vary with the size of each machine. The machine capacities and costs are as follows: Copier Model 1024S 1024M 1024G Annual capacity (copies)…………………… 100,000 350,000 800,000 Costs: Annual machine rental ………………………. $8,000 $11,000 $20,000 Direct material and direct labor…………….. 0.02 0.02 0.02 Variable overhead costs……………………… 0.12 0.07 0.03 1. Calculate the volume level in copies where FastQ Company would be indifferent to acquiring either the small-volume model laser copier, 1024S, or the medium-volume model laser copier, 1024M. 2. The management of FastQ Company is able to estimate the number of copies to be sold at each establishment. Present a decision rule that would enable FastQ Company to select the most profitable machine without having to make a separate cost calculation for each establishment. (Hint: to specify a decision rule, determine the volume at which FastQ would be indifferent between the small and medium copiers. Then determine the volume at which FastQ would be indifferent between the medium and large copiers.) Page 3 of 12
AQ-3 Part A. Define the nature of a cost-leadership strategy. Identify the types of control systems that are appropriate for firms pursuing a cost leadership strategy. Part B. Define product differentiation and discuss the role that customer perceptions play in product differentiation. Part C. Fowler’s Farm is a 1,000 acre dairy and tobacco farm located in Southern Virginia. Jack Fowler, the owner has been farming since 1982. He initially purchased 235 acres and has made the following purchases since then: 300 acres in 1985, 150 acres in 1988, dairy equipment and buildings worth $350,000 in 1988, and 315 acres in 1998. The cost of farmland has inflated over the years so that, although Jack has a total investment of $1,850,000, the land’s current market value is $2,650,000. The current net book value of his buildings and equipment is $300,000, with an estimated replacement cost of $1,250,000. Current price pressures on farm commodities have affected Fowler’s Farm as well as others across the country. Jack has watched as many of his neighbours either have quit farming or have been consolidated into larger, more profitable farms. Fowler’s Farm consists of three different operating segments: dairy farming, tobacco and corn and other crops intended for livestock feed. The dairy farm consists of 198 milk-producing cows that are grazed on 250 acres of farmland. The crop farm consists of the remaining acreage that covers several types of terrain and has several types of soil. Some of the land is high and hilly, some of it is low and claylike, and the rest is humus-rich soil. Jack determines the fertilizer mix for the type of soil and type of crop to be planted by rules of thumb based on his experience. The farm equipment used consists of automated milking equipment, six tractors, two tandem- axle grain bed trucks, and numerous discs, plows, wagons, and assorted tractor and hand tools. The farm has three equipment storage barns, an equipment maintenance shed, and a 90,000 bushel grain elevator/drier. The equipment and buildings have an estimated market value of $1,500,000. Jack employs five full-time farmhands, a mechanic and a bookkeeper and has contracted part time accounting/tax assistance with a local CPA firm in Pittsboro. All employees are salaried; the farmhands and the bookkeeper make $25,000 a year, and the mechanic makes $32,000 annually. The CPA contract costs $15,000 a year. In 2006, the farm produced 256,000 gallons of raw milk, 23,000 bushels of tobacco, and 75,300 bushels of corn. Jack sells the tobacco by contract and auction at the end of the harvest. The revenue in 2006 was $1,345,000, providing Jack a net income after taxes of $233,500. Jack’s daughter, Kelly, has just returned from college. She knows that the farm is a good business and believes that the use of proper operating procedures and cost management systems could increase Page 4 of 12
profitability and improve efficiency, allowing her father to have more leisure time. She also knows that her father has always run the farm from his experience and rules of thumb and is wary of scientific concepts and management principles. For example, he has little understanding of the accounting procedures of the farm, has not participated in the process and has adopted few, if any, methods to maintain control over inventories and equipment. He has trusted his employees to maintain the farm appropriately without using any accounting or operating procedures over inventories or equipment, preventative maintenance schedules, or scientific application of crop rotation or livestock management. Required: Identify and briefly describe the competitive strategy for Fowler’s Farm and explain your choice. (Blocher, E., Juras, P.E. and Smith, S.D. 2022. Cost Management: A Strategic Emphasis 9th Ed) AQ-4 An effective budget converts the goals and objectives of an organization into data. The budget serves as a blueprint for management’s plans. The budget is also the basis for control. Management performance can be evaluated by comparing actual results with the budget. Thus, creating the budget is essential for the successful operation of an organization. Finding the resources to implement the budget – that is, getting from the starting point to the ultimate goal – requires the extensive use of human resources. How managers perceive their roles in the process of budgeting is important to the successful use of the budget as an effective tool for planning, communication, and controlling. Required: 1. Discuss the behavioral implications of planning and control when a company’s management employs a. a top-down budget approach b. a bottom-up budget approach 2. Communication plays an important role in the budgetary process, whether a top-down or a bottom- up budget approach is used. a. Discuss the differences between communication flows in these two budgetary approaches. b. Discuss the behavioral implications associated with the communication process for each of the budgetary approaches. (Hansen & Mowen, 8 Th Ed, question 8-19) Page 5 of 12
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