CRISPR-Cas9: Question 18 options: Uses single stranded DNA to recognize DNA. Uses proteins to recognize specific DNA sequence. Uses RNA to recognize specific DNA sequences. Uses FokI to cut DNA. Cannot be used to genetically modify an intact genome.
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Question 18 options:
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Uses single stranded DNA to recognize DNA.
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Uses proteins to recognize specific DNA sequence.
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Uses RNA to recognize specific DNA sequences.
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Uses FokI to cut DNA.
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Cannot be used to genetically modify an intact genome.
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- TOPIC: PCR and Gene Cloning Basics Question: What are 2 possible roles of CaCl2 in the transformation process?Activity 1.4: Essay.Direction: Explain your answer.Today, it is easy to make transgenic plants and animals. What are some important safety and ethical issues raised by this use of recombinant DNA technology? Explain your answer.Objective: Get a sense of how genomics, the study of the genome in its entirety,needs to think about how to go about its research. Geonomic DNA is broken up into fragments. The 5’ and 3’ ends of each fragment(a “read”) are sequenced. The sequenced reads are assembled together intocontiguous sequences (“contigs”) based on sequence similarity. The idea is to sequence enough random fragments so that every nucleotide in thegenome is represented on some read. The number of such fragments needed iscalled the coverage, c. The coverage c can be calculated by the formula RL/G, where R is the number ofreads sequenced, L is the average length of a read and G is the total length of thegenome. The units of length are bases (b) or base pairs (bp). Consider a genome whose length is 1000 bp. “Shotgun” sequencing techniquesare applied to the genome, resulting in 20 reads, with an average length of 50 bp.A very important point is that, even though 20 x 50 = 1000, there is no guaranteethat ALL…
- Objective: Get a sense of how genomics, the study of the genome in its entirety,needs to think about how to go about its research. Geonomic DNA is broken up into fragments. The 5’ and 3’ ends of each fragment(a “read”) are sequenced. The sequenced reads are assembled together intocontiguous sequences (“contigs”) based on sequence similarity. The idea is to sequence enough random fragments so that every nucleotide in thegenome is represented on some read. The number of such fragments needed iscalled the coverage, c. The coverage c can be calculated by the formula RL/G, where R is the number ofreads sequenced, L is the average length of a read and G is the total length of thegenome. The units of length are bases (b) or base pairs (bp). Consider a genome whose length is 1000 bp. “Shotgun” sequencing techniquesare applied to the genome, resulting in 20 reads, with an average length of 50 bp.A very important point is that, even though 20 x 50 = 1000, there is no guaranteethat ALL…Activity 1. Directions: Inside the box are the different applications of recombinant DNA. Classify if it is under Crop Improvement, Medicines and Industrial Applications. Write your answers on the table below. hybridization production of antibiotics vaccine development transgenic animals transgenic plants production of hormones production of commercially important chemicals diagnosis of diseases production of biofuels production of C4 plants Crop Improvement Medicines Industrial Applications%3D 12/15 Which question MOST likely may have led to the development of recombinant DNA technology? Can human genes be integrated into bacterial DNA so Can Can DNA be cut into fragments by restriction enzymes Can human genes be introduced into the undifferentiated cells be used to and then separate into unique patterns? bacteria can copy the genes and produce their proteins? repair parts of the body? cells of people with genetic disorders using a virus? Music off Zoom In Sign out O 3:26 Lenovo
- Question:- What is genetic engineering? What organisms can it be performed on? Please give an example of at least one successful genetic engineering project. Where was CRISPR/Cas9 initially found? What was its purpose in that organism?A. Read the following section to review what you learned about plasmids, transformation and antibiotic selection (which antibiotic?) Plasmids and Recombinant DNA Technology A plasmid is a circular piece of extra-chromosomal DNA (between 2000-10,000 bp) that is normally found in bacteria. In nature, the plasmid will often contain a gene that encodes a protein that allows the bacteria to be resistant to antibiotics, or a protein that allows the bacteria to cause an infection. Plasmids were discovered by researchers in the late sixties, and it was quickly realized that they could be used to amplify a gene of interest to create recombinant DNA. The gene of interest is inserted into the plasmid at restriction endonuclease sites. The plasmid can then be used as a vector to shuttle DNA to a different host/bacteria. There are many different kinds of plasmids commercially available. All of them contain: 1. a selectable marker (i.e., a gene that encodes for antibiotic resistance, color change,…A. Read the following section to review what you learned about plasmids, transformation and antibiotic selection (which antibiotic?) Plasmids and Recombinant DNA Technology A plasmid is a circular piece of extra-chromosomal DNA (between 2000-10,000 bp) that is normally found in bacteria. In nature, the plasmid will often contain a gene that encodes a protein that allows the bacteria to be resistant to antibiotics, or a protein that allows the bacteria to cause an infection. Plasmids were discovered by researchers in the late sixties, and it was quickly realized that they could be used to amplify a gene of interest to create recombinant DNA. The gene of interest is inserted into the plasmid at restriction endonuclease sites. The plasmid can then be used as a vector to shuttle DNA to a different host/bacteria. There are many different kinds of plasmids commercially available. All of them contain: 1. a selectable marker (i.e., a gene that encodes for antibiotic resistance, color change,…
- Which of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.To discuss: The value of genome projects.What is complementary base pairing? Be able to figure out the nucleotide sequence of the 2nd strand of DNA if you’re given the first (as happens when DNA replicates); or the RNA sequence that would pair with a DNA sequence (as happens during transcription). What is Biotechnology? Recombinant DNA? What is a restriction enzyme and how is it used to make recombinant DNA? What is a transgenic animal? Transgenic crops? What is Forensics? Why are the following things important in forensic (or medical genetic) testing: PCR? STRs? What is CODIS? What is a multifactorial trait? A polygenic trait? Some examples of each? How do they differ from Mendelian traits? What is cancer? How do cancer cells differ from normal cells? Why is control of the cell cycle crucial? Genetic influences in developing cancer: what is an oncogene? a tumor suppressor? Difference between a benign and a malignant tumore? Metastasis?
