16) In the job characteristics model, ________ refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work. A) task significance B) skill variety C) autonomy D) task identity 17) In the job characteristics model, task significance refers to the degree to which a job ________. A) provides freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in carrying out the work B) requires a variety of activities and uses a number of different employee skills and talents C) requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work D) has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people 18) Coworkers Bob and Tom were comparing checks on Friday. Bob saw that Tom's was significantly larger, which made Bob unhappy. Which theory best explains Bob's reaction? A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory B) Herzberg's two-factor theory C) Adams' equity theory D) Vroom's expectancy theory
16) In the job characteristics model, ________ refers to the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.
A) task significance
B) skill variety
C) autonomy
D) task identity
17) In the job characteristics model, task significance refers to the degree to which a job ________.
A) provides freedom, independence, and discretion to the individual in carrying out the work
B) requires a variety of activities and uses a number of different employee skills and talents
C) requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work
D) has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
18) Coworkers Bob and Tom were comparing checks on Friday. Bob saw that Tom's was significantly larger, which made Bob unhappy. Which theory best explains Bob's reaction?
A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
B) Herzberg's two-factor theory
C) Adams' equity theory
D) Vroom's expectancy theory
19) After seeing Tom's paycheck, Bob decided their inputs were nearly identical but Tom's check was much larger. Bob decided to take action to make things fairer in his mind. He is most likely to ________.
A) increase the quantity of his production
B) focus on the quality of his production
C) reduce his effort at work
D) find another person to compare checks with
20) In the expectancy theory, ________ is the degree to which the individual believes that performing at a particular level is instrumental in attaining the desired outcome.
A) expectancy
B) valence
C) performance-reward linkage
D) effort-performance linkage
21) In the expectancy theory, ________ is the importance that the individual places on the potential outcome or reward that can be achieved on the job.
A) expectancy
B) valence
C) instrumentality
D) saliency
22) Temporary workers are often motivated by ________.
A) autonomy in their work and flexibility in their schedules
B) the opportunity to become regular, full-time employees
C) the ability to change assignments frequently
D) recognition and responsibility
23) The use of employee recognition programs as motivational tools is consistent with the ________ theory.
A) hierarchy of needs
B) reinforcement
C) three-factor
D) expectancy
24) Which one of the following is true about motivating unique groups of workers?
A) Higher pay is the only reward that is important to low-skilled, minimum-wage employees.
B) Flexible work arrangements have shown a strong link with high motivation levels.
C) Money and promotions are typically low on the priority list of professionals.
D) For most temp workers, the freedom they get from their temporary status is the main motivator.
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