week 6

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Apr 3, 2024

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Language and Human Mind , Winter 2024 Week 6 Due: Feb 16 (late submission deadline: Feb 23, 5pm) WORKSHEET 5: Phonetics Official IPA chart: International Phonetic Alphabet (revised to 2020) IPA symbol bank: θ ð ɾ ɹ ʃ ʒ ŋ ʔ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ l̩ m̩ n̩ ɹ̩ p h , t h , k h l̥ ɪ ɛ æ ɨ ə ʌ ʊ ɔ ɑ IPA online keyboard: https://ipa.typeit.org/ IPA charts: https://seeingspeech.ac.uk/ipa-charts/ https://www.ipachart.com/ https://sail.usc.edu/span/rtmri_ipa/pk_2015.html (from the official IPA chart )
(from the lecture slide) (from the official IPA chart ) 1) a) Try to come up with an English word that has a very surprising spelling, or a spelling that you think does not match the word’s pronunciation. Write one (or a few) such words below: Yacht Queue b) Considering what you know about English spelling both from lecture and from this activity, why is the IPA useful/necessary? 2) Using the IPA Chart, describe the following sounds. Give three-part descriptions for consonants and four-part descriptions for vowels. Example: /p/ is a voiceless bilabial stop or /u/ is high, back, tense and rounded. 1. [b] ● Voicing: Voiced (vocal cords vibrate) ● Place: Bilabial (articulated with both lips) ● Manner: Stop (complete closure of the vocal tract, then release) 2. [ŋ] Voicing: Voiced (vocal cords vibrate) Place: Velar (articulated with the back of the tongue against the soft palate) Manner: Nasal (air escapes through the nose) 3. [θ] ● Voicing: Voiceless (vocal cords do not vibrate) ● Place: Dental (articulated with the tongue against the upper front teeth) ● Manner: Fricative (constriction of airflow, creating friction) 4. [ɹ] ● Voicing: Voiced (vocal cords vibrate) ● Place: Alveolar (articulated with the tongue near the alveolar ridge)
● Manner: Approximant (articulators approach each other but do not create complete closure) 5. [æ] ● Height: Low (tongue is positioned low in the mouth) ● Frontness: Front (tongue is positioned towards the front of the mouth) ● Rounding: Unrounded (lips are not rounded) 6. [ɛ] ● Height: Open-mid (tongue is positioned between open and mid) ● Frontness: Front (tongue is positioned towards the front of the mouth) ● Rounding: Unrounded (lips are not rounded) 7. [i] ● Height: High (tongue is positioned high in the mouth) ● Frontness: Front (tongue is positioned towards the front of the mouth) Rounding: Unrounded (lips are not rounded) 3) Give the IPA symbol for each of the following sounds: 1. voiceless bilabial stop: [p] 2. voiced alveolar tap: [ɾ] 3. voiced postalveolar affricate: [dʒ] 4) One of the sounds in each row is not like the others. Can you guess which one? Why? 1. [p b t d k ɡ s ʔ] a. [ʔ], because it is not produced by the tongue or lips 2. [ʊ ɜ ɔ u] a. [ɜ], it is an unrounded vowel unlike the rest (which are rounded vowels) 3. [θ ð s ʃ f] a. [ð] because it is the only voiced fricative 5) Common IPA errors: Which one is right? 1. cheese : [ ʧiz ] or [chiz] 2. fringe : [ fɹɪnʤ ] or [fɹɪnj] 3. cat : [ cæt ] or [kæt] 4. cute : [ kjut ] or [kut] 6) Common IPA errors Try to find the errors in the transcriptions of the consonant sounds in the following words. In each word, there is one error , indicating an impossible pronunciation of that word for a native speaker of English of any variety. Correct the transcription! 1. crime [cɹaɪm] 2. wives [waɪvs]
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