Chapter 1 Homework

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Jackson State University *

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OPERATING

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Computer Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Chapter 1 Homework 1.12 How do clustered systems differ from multiprocessor systems? What is required for two machines belonging to a cluster to cooperate to provide a highly available service? Cluster systems are formed by combining multiple computers in to a single system to perform a task in a distributive manner, whereas multiprocessors can be a single entity comprising multiple CPUs. Another difference is that the communication in cluster system is through messages whereas in multiprocessor system, the communication is through shared memory. In order for two machines belonging to cluster to cooperate to provide a highly available service, each machine should be consistently updated, this is because the failure of one machine may lead to collapsing of the entire system. 1.14 What is the purpose of interrupts? How does an interrupt differ from a trap? Can traps be generated intentionally by a user program? If so, for what purpose? The purpose of the interrupts is to communicate to the CPU telling it to stop its current activities and execute appropriate part of the operating system. The difference between an interrupt and a trap is that an interrupt is a signal sent to the CPU by external devices whereas traps are generated by CPU itself indicating that there is an error occurred and or when requested by user. Traps can be generated intentionally by the user program for catching errors. 1.19 Rank the following storage systems from slowest to fastest: a. Hard-disk drives b. Registers c. Optical disk d. Main memory e. Nonvolatile memory f. Magnetic tapes g. Cache Ans: i. Magnetic tapes ii. Optical disk iii. Hard-disk drives iv. Nonvolatile memory v. Main memory vi. Cache vii. Registers 1.23 Which network configuration—LAN or WAN—would best suit the following environments? a. A campus student union: LAN b. Several campus locations across a statewide university system: WAN c. A neighborhood: WAN 1.24 Describe some of the challenges of designing operating systems for mobile devices compared with designing operating systems for traditional PCs.
The main challenges of designing operating systems for mobile devices are storage and power consumption. Mobile devices have less memory as compared to PCs. In fact, PCs have slots where you can add hard drive, which is not possible for mobile devices. Power consumption is also high for mobile devices and they are always used without being plugged to power, which is opposite for PCs. Therefore, the software designed need to carefully manage power consumption and storage, which is a big challenge.
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