Chapter 1, Problem 3SEPT

Which of the following statements is correct?   a. Serial interval is the length of time a person can transmit or shed an infectious agent   b. Contamination of the drinking water source of a community by infectious agent(s) will likely result in a continuous common source epidemic   c. It is not possible for people who have not shown symptoms of measles yet, to transmit measles infection   d. Mary Mallon was a chronic carrier of Vibrio cholerae

The epidemiological or disease triangle is a model of disease causation that proposes three factors contribute to an outbreak - an agent that causes the disease, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together. Some general changes within these three factors that may cause an infectious disease to emerge include: A. changes in populations or behavior of reservoir hosts or intermediate hosts B. microbial genetic mutation and viral genetic recombination or assortment C. environmental factors such as an increase in precipitation D. all of the above E. none of the above

Factors that impact the incubation period of a disease include all of the following EXCEPT: a. b. C. d. Invasive ability of the infectious agent The site of infection Dose Genetic predisposition

Match the following terms with their respective definition: _____1. Carrier                             a. Insects that transmit infection _____2. Fomite                             b. Presence of bacteria in the blood _____3. Vector                             c. Person harboring the organism without  signs and symptoms of the disease _____4. Vehicle                            d. Hospital-acquired infection _____5. Septicemia                      e. Infection confined to a limited area _____6. Fulminant infection         f. Inanimate object which can carry microorganisms _____7. Nosocomial infection      g. Multiplying bacteria in the bloodstream _____8. Local infection                h. Biological substances that can carry organism _____9. Bacteremia                     i. Presence of toxin in the bloodstream _____10. Toxemia                        j. Infection that always leads to death.

Why antibacterial drugs are ineffective against: A. Fungal Infections B. Viral infections C. Helminthic worm infections

The epidemiological or disease triangle is a model of disease causation that proposes three factors contribute to an outbreak – an agent that causes the disease, a susceptible host, and an environment that brings the host and agent together. Some general changes within these three factors that may cause an infectious disease to emerge include:     A. changes in populations or behavior of reservoir hosts or intermediate hosts   B. microbial genetic mutation and viral genetic recombination or assortment    C. environmental factors such as an increase in precipitation   D. all of the above    E. none of the above

Entry and development or multiplication of an infectious  agent in the body of man or animals is   a. Infection   b. Infestation   c. Colonization   d. Parasitism   e. Contamination

Keeping your food covered, especially outdoors, when it is not actually being eaten is a way to prevent contracting an illness through the ____route of infection. a. biological vector b. mechanical vector c. parenteral

Differentiate the terms in each of the following pairs a. etiology and pathogenesis b. infection and diseases c. communicable disease and noncommunicable disease