You are given a list of 26 English alphabet letters. Suppose the letters are arranged in alphabetical order at first, then permuted using the following process: (a) pick a pair of letters, (b) toss a biased coin, (c) swap the order of letters if the coin lands on heads; otherwise, leave the pair of letters as is. You go through this process for every possible pair of letters. What is the expected number of swaps, if the probability of heads is h = 0.6?

You are given a list of 26 English alphabet letters. Suppose the letters are arranged in alphabetical order at first, then permuted using the following process: (a) pick a pair of letters, (b) toss a biased coin, (c) swap the order of letters if the coin lands on heads; otherwise, leave the pair of letters as is. You go through this process for every possible pair of letters. What is the expected number of swaps, if the probability of heads is h = 0.6?

Operations Research : Applications and Algorithms

4th Edition

ISBN:9780534380588

Author:Wayne L. Winston

Publisher:Wayne L. Winston

Chapter17: Markov Chains

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12RP

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