Why are Lewis antibodies typically considered clinical insignificant? Question 10 options: A) Lewis antibodies are IgM. B) Lewis antigens are not present on fetal and neonatal RBCs. C) Lewis antigens are not an integral part of the RBC membrane and can be eluted off. D) All of the above.
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Why are Lewis antibodies typically considered clinical insignificant?
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- A patient's antibody screen is resulted as positive. What should be done to test units for transfusion? Question 7 options: A) Antigen type the patient's red cells and crossmatch units positive for the same antigens. B) Determine the reacting antibody and crossmatch units negative for the corresponding antigen. C) Crossmatch ABO compatible blood at the immediate spin phase. D) Determine the reacting antibody and confirm that the donor did not have any similar antibodies.Why is the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) notified in the case of a transfusion-related fatality? Question 9 options: a) To recall all banked units b) To determine if appropriate corrective action has been taken to prevent recurrence c) To report all reagent lot numbers used in typing deceased patient d) To disclose the name of the deceasedDue to a clerical error, several blood samples at a blood bank were not labeled. The three list below were conducted on each sample to identify each blood type. Test 1 = Unknown sample mixed with “anti-A” serum (contains type A antibodies) Test 2 = Unknown sample mixed with “anti-B” serum (contains type B antibodies) Test 3 = Unknown sample mixed with “anti-Rh” serum (contains type Rh antibodies) (A) When unknown sample A was tested, agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells occurred in test 1, 2 and 3. The blood type of sample A is… (B) When unknown sample B was tested, no agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells occurred in any tests. The blood type of sample B is… (C) When unknown sample C was tested, agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells occurred in test 2 and 3, but not 1. The blood type of sample C is…
- 1. The laboratory scientist performs a differential on the patient’s peripheral blood smear. Although there are low numbers of white blood cells, the scientist notes a few plasma cells in the peripheral smear. Plasma cells are which kind of white blood cell? Please explain no more than 3-6 sentences. A). Granulocyte B). Lymphocyte C). Monocyte 2. Plasma cells are which type of lymphocyte? Explain, No more than 3-6 sentences. A). T cells B). B cellsWhy might erythroblastosis fetalis occur when an Rh- mother becomes pregnant with a second Rh+ baby (after exposure to the previous Rh+ baby's blood)? A) Erythroblastosis fetalis can only occur when an Rh+ mother becomes pregnant with an Rh- baby. B) After primary exposure, if the Rh- mother has an Rh+ baby, then antibodies the mom produces can cross the placenta and attack the baby's blood. C) The Rh- mother always produces antibodies to the Rh+ blood, so erythroblastosis fetalis is a condition that can happen to any Rh+ baby (first or subsequent).Melinda was working the day shift in the hematology laboratory. The laboratory’s protocol called for three levels of blood cell controls to be run at the following times: 1) at the beginning of the shift, 2) within each run of patient samples during the day and 3) any times reagents were changed. The mean for the low (abnormal) control for the red blood cell count was given as 2.00 x 10^12/L, the standard deviation was 0.15, and the confidence limit (acceptable control range) was 2.00 x 10^12/L +/- 2sd (or +/- 0.3). The first morning low control result was 2.10 (x 10^12/L). In five subsequent runs, the low control results were 2.16, 2.19, 2.20, 2.22 and 2.25. 1. Do these values represent a shift, a trend, or neither? 2. Should Melinda be concerned about these values? Explain. 3. Does Melinda need to take any action?
- Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: Suppose your blood is AB positive. This means that (a) agglutinogens A and B are present on your red blood cells, (b) there are no anti-A or anti-B antodies in your plasma, c) your blood is Rh+ (d) all of the above.Ms. House, a 32-year-old Hispanic woman, has had a history of intermittent pleuritic chest pain and joint pain for the past several years. Recently, she went to her physician because she noticed that an erythematous, butterfly-shaped rash had appeared on her face. Further lab tests indicated protein in her urine. Her blood test indicated the presence of numerous antinuclear antibodies, especially anti-DNA, and mature neutrophils containing nuclear material. A diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Discussion Questions Discuss how the presence of antibodies can cause such widespread damage in organ systems. (See SLE—Pathophysiology.) Discuss treatments for SLE and a prognosis for the patient in this case. (See SLE—Treatment.)Ms. House, a 32-year-old Hispanic woman, has had a history of intermittent pleuritic chest pain and joint pain for the past several years. Recently, she went to her physician because she noticed that an erythematous, butterfly-shaped rash had appeared on her face. Further lab tests indicated protein in her urine. Her blood test indicated the presence of numerous antinuclear antibodies, especially anti-DNA, and mature neutrophils containing nuclear material. A diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made. Discussion Questions Discuss possible reasons why SLE was not diagnosed earlier. (See SLE—Clinical Signs and Symptoms.) Discuss how the presence of antibodies can cause such widespread damage in organ systems. (See SLE—Pathophysiology.) Discuss treatments for SLE and a prognosis for the patient in this case. (See SLE—Treatment.)
- Why are immature RBCs sometimes present in the blood? Question 7 options: A) production of RBCs in the bone marrow is too slow B) lack of folic acid C) increased vitamin B12 D) inadequate dietary ironWhat happens if you were to replace a saline (salt) solution with a water solution in someone’s IV bag? RBCs will ....A) Stay the sameB) Shrink/CrenateC) Burst/BloatD) None of the aboveWhich of the following does NOT result from the malignant proliferation of plasma cells? Question 10 options: A) Lytic bone lesions B) Pancytopenia C) Normal blood volume D) Production of abnormal immunoglobulins
