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- Question 7: The following images were taken to study mitosis in plant cells. a. Fill in the table below: Mitotic phase Name of the phase A AARL SAYY II. III. IV. B b. The longest phase of cell cycle is: c. Cytokinesis in animal cells is by formation of cells is formed. d. The dye used to stain the chromosomes in onion root tips is: I. lodine Anthrone Acetoorcein Amylase while in plant e. Given that the cell cycle duration of this plant cell is 19 hours, and the total number of cells counted was 155 cells. If the number of cells in phase D are 3 cells, then calculate the duration of phase D in minutes. (Write the equation and show your calculations):QUESTION 8 Match the stages of mitotic cell division to the descriptions of those stages. ]chromosomes attach to spindle fibers across the middle of the cell chromosomes are not yet duplicated so chromosomes only look like a line, Jonly one pair of centrioles in cell A. Cytokinesis cell membrane is pinching in forming a peanut-shaped cell, daughter chromosomes reach the poles and new nuclear membranes are forming around them B. Anaphase C. Telophase D. Early Interphase the nuclear membrane is breaking down, chromosomes are condensing, centrioles are building microtubule "highways" (spindle fibers) E. Prophase chromosomes are duplicated so chromosomes look like an "X", two pairs of centrioles and double the amount of organelles fill the cell F. Late Interphase cell is dividing into two identical cells G. Metaphase daughter chromosomes are beginning their migration to the poles on spindle fibersQuestion 35 According to the reading "Pallidin and the Spread of Cancer," the protein encoded by the pallidin gene normally functions as O an activator of cell division, which can be turned off at the appropriate times during the cell cycle O a cytoskeletal protein, helping the cell maintain its shape O a tumor-suppressor protein, helping to stop the cell from dividing when DNA damage is present O a DNA repair enzyme which is activated by the presence of pyrimidine dimers
- QUESTION 11 Which of the following disorders is not caused by a single gene defect? a. Diabetes O b. Clediocranial dysostosis O c. Achondroplasia O d. Cystic fibrosisQuestion 10 Review Concept 12.3 Cell Cycle Regulation. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. The control of the sequential events of the cell cycle is [Choose ) termed as Where the cell cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received [ Choose ] Crowded cells will stop dividing because of this mechanism [ Choose | called The spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body, where [ Choose] they may form additional tumors is called >QUESTION 28 Which of the following is the primary method by which cyclin proteins are regulated to influence entry into the cell cycle or transition from one stage to the next? A. Transcriptional upregulation and translation followed by targeted ubiquitin-mediated degradation by a proteasome. B. Phosphorylation to regulate the activity of the kinase site. C. An activating phosphorylation and an inactivating phosphorylation. D. All of these are mechanisms that can be used to regulate cyclins.
- QUESTION 22 To understand gap junction activity in cancer cells, you do two experiments. First you inject a single normal cell in a group of normal cells that are surrounded by cancer cells with a dye. You observe that the dye spreads to the surrounding normal cells only (a). Then you inject a single cancer cell with the same dye and observe that the dye does not spread to any of the surrounding cells (b). la) Microinjed Suorescent dye gray Normal cell Cancerous cell white Fluorescent cell Ib) Fluorescent cell Which of the following is a logical interpretation of this experimental result ? O Fluorescent dyes are too big to move through gap junctions O Cancer cells have less actin than other cels O Cancer cells have increased gap junction activity. O Cancer cells have reduced gap junction activity.QUESTION 29 Which of the following is NOT a primary method used to regulate the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks)? A. Binding to cyclins B. Binding to a CDK inhibitor C. Dephosphorylation of a specific amino acid D. Degradation by a proteasome E. Phosphorylation on a specific amino acidQUESTION 32 "The cell volume shrinks, cells lose cell-cell contact, the actin cytoskeleton is fragmented, the cell membrane forms blebs, chromatin is chopped into small pieces, and the cell is eventually phagocytosed" is a description of which of the following cell states? A. G0 B. Quiescence C. Mitosis D. Senescence E. Apoptosis
- QUESTION 48 With regard to the process of mitosis, which of the following pairs is NOT matched correctly? Oa. Interphase - the cell grows, chromosomes replicate, and proteins are produced to prepare the cell to divide b. Prophase - chromosomes condense, and the nuclear membrane dissociates/breaks down c. Metaphase - chromosomes move toward opposite poles (or sides) of the cell d. Anaphase - sister chromatids separate e. Telophase - two distinct nuclei are formed; this is the stage immediately before cytokinesisQuestion 44 Examine the diagram that shows the late stages of telophase during mitosis. Which statement describes what is happening? O The plant cell pinches in half to form two new cells. O The animal cell pinches in half to form two new cells. O The plant cell forms a cell plate dividing the cytoplasm to form two new cells. O The animal cell forms e cell plate dividing the cytoplasm to form Lwo new cells. * Previous ) 耳QUESTION 13 The phenomenon by which an allele containing a deletion in a tumor suppressor gene causes a good copy of the gene carried on the other allele to undergo deletion is an example of A. Penetrance OB. Chromatid dysjunction O C. Loss of heterozygosity O D. Allelic exclusion O E. Chromosomal translocation