What is unusual about the receptor for steroid hormones? A. The receptor is located in the cytoplasm but can enter the nucleus once bound to ligand. B. The receptor is embedded in the plasma membrane C. The receptor is located in the cytoplasm but can never enter the nucleus. D. The receptor is located in the lysosome.
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- Question 3. Production of thyroid hormone by cells in the thyroid gland in response to thyroid- stimulating hormone produced by the pituitary is an example of what type of signaling?In what ways do steroid hormones differ from peptide hormones? More than one aswer may be correct. Question 12 options: They bind to a receptor inside the cell They circulate bound to plasma proteins They are derived from cholesterol They are hydrophilic They passively diffuse out of the cellWhat features are remarkable about steroid receptors? (Select all that apply) A. Steroid receptors are localized in the cytoplasm B. steroid receptors are localized in the plasma membrane C. steroid receptors can translocate to the nucleus D. steroid receptors represent the beginning of a signaling Cascade E. steroid receptors can also function as transcription factors
- The action of steroid hormones is different from that of peptide hormones becausea. peptide hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas steroid hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.b. steroid hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas peptide hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.c. peptide hormones produce a hormone receptor complex that works directly on the DNA, whereas steroid hormones cause the release of a secondary messenger that triggers enzymes.d. None of these answers is correct.Yellow: Did not have answers from anyone but confident based on notes Question 1: Insulin can have pleiotropic (wide ranging) effects in cells because...? 1. The insulin receptor phosphorylates with a family of substrates inside the cell 2. There are over 20 versions of the insulin receptor expressed in vertebrates 3. The insulin receptor heterodimers with the GH and PRL receptors 4. MRAP (membrane associated receptor proteins) couple the insulin receptor to different effector pathways Question 2: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is accurately described by which of the following statements? 1. It is not a member of the peptide hormone superfamily 2. It binds to a 1-TMS receptor that signals through guanylate cyclase 3. It is sulphated on tyrosine residues for full activity 4. It is proteolytically released from POMC by gut cells Question 3: Insulin... 1. Is released from the pancreas in vertebrates and invertebrates 2. Is released from the vertebrate pancreas in response to hyperglycemia 3. Is…Identify the incorrect statement: O A. Steroid hormones, such as testosterone, are derived from cholesterol and regulate cell function by influencing transcription. O B. Melatonin is a hydrophobic steroid hormone synthesized by the pineal gland It regulates the circadian rhythm of the cell OC. Catecholamines are hydrophilic hormones synthesized from tyrosine. Therefore, membranes are barriers to them, and their receptors need to be on the extracellular surface. O D. Antidiuretic hormone is a peptide hormone that regulates fluid balance in the body O E. Thyroid hormone is a hydrophobic tyrosine derived hormone that regulates the metabolism,
- QUESTION 2 The neurotransmitter that mediates the effects of leptin on an orexigenic neuron O A. ghrelin OB. NPY O C. aMSH O D. epinephrine O E. insulin QUESTION 3 Ghrelin: O A. is a neurotransmitter that mediates the effects of leptin on an anorexigenic neuron O B. is a hormone induced by stress O C. causes a PPAR to dimerize with RXR to form a transcription factor O D.A hormone produced by the intestines that stimulates the orexigenic system O E. None of the abovePlease answer questions 9, 10, and 119. Dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine are collectively called catecholamines. Which of the following amino acids serves as a precursor in the synthesis of these catecholamines?a. Wb. Tc. Yd. R10. Debie just gave birth to a healthy baby. However, she was having hard time secreting milk. Which of these small peptide hormone is associated in low level with Debie’s condition. a. Enkephalinsb. Vasopressinc. Oxytocind. Both A & B11. A mother went to a drugstore to purchase a vitamin supplement for her baby. She found out from the pharmacist that the vitamins contain an amino acid that can help in the absorption of calcium which is helpful for the bone development of her child. What particular amino acid is present? a. Methionineb. Lysinec. Arginined. PhenylalanineQuestion 2 While going for a quiet walk in the woods, you suddenly come across a very angry bear, a) How does your body immediately respond ? Provide 3 examples. b) What glands and hormones are involved in this response? c) How would your body respond in a situation of prolonged stress due to your work environment. Describe what hormones and glands would be responsible as well as two examples of changes that may take place your body.
- A hormone signals through a G protein-coupled receptor as shown in the diagram. After the production of IP3, which of these events will MOST quickly stop the transduction of the signal? A. the hydrolysis of IP3 B. the hydrolysis of GTP C. the hydrolysis of PIP2 D. the hydrolysis of the hormone I believe the answer is (B) the hydrolysisof GTP, because the G protein becomes inactive after GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP. However, the solution provided by Bartleby is (C). Please explain. ThanksD Question 18 Which of the following statements describes the signal amplification that results from activation of the G-protein coupled receptor? Fragmentation of the G-protein leads to an increase in entropy O The binding of a ligand to the receptor increases the chances of the receptor binding a G-protein The binding of a G-protein to the receptor increases the chances of it exchanging GDP for GTP O The ligand is bound to the receptor sufficiently long such that the receptor can fragment several G-proteinsOverexpression of this receptor in the cells of the adrenal gland causes Cushing's syndrome, a disease caused by the overproduction of cortisol. One strategy that scientists have employed to treat this disease is the use of small molecules that bind to, but do not activate, MC2R. This type of molecule is generically referred to as an antagonist. How can an antagonist bind to the same receptor as ACTH but not activate it? O a. The antagonist can bind covalently while ACTH binds non-covalently O b. The antagonist is only partially complimentary to the binding pocket of MC2R O The antagonist binds to ACTH and blocks it from binding to the receptor properly O d. The antagonist is the exact same structure as ACTH but since it is synthetic it doesn't work One cause of Cushing's syndrome is the inappropriate production of GPCRS in the adrenal gland that are not normally present in those cells. When these receptors are activated they result in the production of cortisol. Which statement about…