What is the role of NAD+ in the process of cellular respiration? a. It functions as an electron carrier. b. It functions as an enzyme. c. It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. d. It is a nucleotide source for the synthesis of ATP.

What is the role of NAD+ in the process of cellular respiration? a. It functions as an electron carrier. b. It functions as an enzyme. c. It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. d. It is a nucleotide source for the synthesis of ATP.

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter5: Photosynthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RQ: Which statement correctly describes carbon fixation? a. the conversion of CO2 to an organic compound...

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Concept explainers

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.

Question

What is the role of NAD+ in the process of cellular respiration?

a. It functions as an electron carrier.

b. It functions as an enzyme.

c. It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration.

d. It is a nucleotide source for the synthesis of ATP.

Definition Definition A complex molecule that makes up a fundamental unit of a DNA or RNA molecule. Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphoric acid.

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During glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle, NADH is produced. The citric acid cycle also produces FADH2. What is the purpose of these molecules? a. to produce carbon dioxide to breathe out b. to produce oxygen that is needed for the electron transport chain c. to carry electrons to the electron transport chain d. to provide the ADP and phosphate that are needed to make ATP
How is the energy used to make ATP via the electron transport chain generated? a. The energy from electrons bound to reduced coenzymes is used to create a steep electrochemical gradient. b. Electrons bound to NADH are used to generate a H+ ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Electrons bound to FADH2 are used to generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. d. Electrons bound to NADH are used to generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. e. All of these are correct.
What happens during glycolysis, the first stage of cellular respiration? A. Glucose is broken down gradually via several enzyme-controlled steps. B. All of these C. A small amount of ATP is produced D. NADH, an electron carrier is produced E. Glucose is split to form two molecules of pyruvate
Why is the formation of ATP by ATP synthase referred to as oxidative phosphorylation? A. A phosphate is transferred from oxygen to ADP to form ATP B. Oxygen provides the mechanical energy that is used to create ATP from ADP C. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, which creates the proton gradient necessary to power ATP synthase D. ADP combines with oxygen to form ATP
Why is oxygen important in aerobic cellular respiration? a. Without oxygen, the Citric acid cycle will be disrupted b. Oxygen is the final electron acceptor during the electron transport chain c. they produce carbon dioxide and water d. It provides electrons during cellular respiration
How will the cell shift its metabolic processes in response to the level of pyruvate and in order to produce ATP? A. It will shift from aerobic respiration to fermentation B. It will shift from aerobic respiration to anaerobic respiration C.It will continue with aerobic metabolism using oxygen in the cytosol to make ATP D. It will shift from anaerobic respiration to fermentation
What are NADH and FADH2? a. Oxidized coenzymes which carry electrons b. energy-producing organelles c. short-term, socially popular sources of hydrogen gas d. Reduced coenzymes which carry electrons
What fundamental difference sets apart anaerobic respiration from aerobic respiration? a. Anaerobic respiration does not have Krebs Cycle. b. Anaerobic respiration does not have an electron transport chain. c. Anaerobic respiration involves substrate-level phosphorylation only. d. Anaerobic respiration utilizes electronegative compounds such as nitrates as final electron acceptor.
What specific reaction cannot occur due to the presence of cyanide? A.Transfer of electrons to co-enzymes B.Inability to strip a carbon from pyruvate C.Transfer of electrons to and between carrier proteins D.Addition of a phosphate onto ADP to make ATP
What happens at the end of the electron transport chain of cellular respiration? A. 4 electrons combine with oxygen (O2) and protons. B. 4 electrons combine with oxygen atom (O) and water. C. The 2 original electrons combine with oxygen (O2). D. The 2 original electrons combine with NAD+. E. 1 electron combines with oxygen (O2) and hydrogen. F. 1 electron combines with oxygen (O2).
Which stage of cellular respiration DOES NOT produce NADH? A. oxidative phosphorylation B. pyruvate oxidation C. glycolysis D. Krebs cycle
what is the transmembrane protein responsible for ATP synthesis during both photosynthesis and cellular respiration? a. Na+/K+ ATPase b. SGLUT-1 c. ATP synthase d. carbonic anhydrase e. rubisco