What is adaptive radiation? Large-scale evolutionary patterns and trends in speciation The event when a species no longer has living members A lineage undergoes a burst of genetic divergences that gives rise to many species Changes in allele frequency that are always occurring in natural populations

What is adaptive radiation? Large-scale evolutionary patterns and trends in speciation The event when a species no longer has living members A lineage undergoes a burst of genetic divergences that gives rise to many species Changes in allele frequency that are always occurring in natural populations

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter18: Evolution And The Origin Of Species

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3VCQ: Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is false? Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to...

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new species divergence Which row below identifies the model of evolution shown in this diagram and offers the best explanation of this model? The statement above is best completed by the answers in row: Row Model Explanation evolutionary history consists of long periods of equilibrium where there is little change, interrupted by periods of speciation gradualism punctuated equilibrium gradual change occurs steadily in a linear fashion; big changes (such as the evolution of a new species) occur as a result of many small changes gradual change occurs steadily in a linear fashion; big changes (such as the evolution of a new species) occur as a result of many small changes gradualism punctuated equilibrium evolutionary history consists of long periods of equilibrium where there is little change, interrupted by periods of speciation Time
In birds, where the female typically handpicks the male to reproduce with, there are clear differences in appearance between the genders. That difference in appearance is called Gender Binarism Runaway Selection Sexual Dimorphism Divergent Evolution
Speciation events can occur on a variety of timescales. Which factor is NOT likely to influence the rate of speciation? Selection pressures Color of the organism Generation time Mutation rate
the evolution of new morphological forms genetic drift speciation natural selection gene flow reproductive isolation A factor (such as the separation of continents by continental drift) that reduces groups of organisms promotes on a grand scale. can lead to the fixation of alleles, causing Adaptive evolution by as the high rates of speciation that occur during adaptive radiation. Reset Help at a wide range of loci is a major cause of in many and promoting speciation. as well
If a large population experiences no mutation, no migration, no catastrophic events, and all matings are completely random what is likely to happen to this population over time? It is likely that the population will not evolve It is likely that a genetic bottleneck will occur It is likely that there will be an allele frequency change that will result in rapid evolution It is likely that this population will become extinct
Which of the following statements is true regarding the phrase "adaptive radiation"? O It refers to multiple speciation events within an evolutionary lineage. It refers to many populations of the same species. It is the result of genetic drift occuring many times over evolutionary time. Gene flow is an evolutionary mechanism that can account for adaptive radiations.
If a species looks superficially the same after thousands of years, the most likely explanation is: there is no evolution happening to that population they have evolved a level of perfection so no changes are necessary the changes are not easily observed, such as changes in immunity or metabolism they have not experienced any Gene Flow 13
Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is false? Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment. Punctuated equilibrium is most likely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate. Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in species that live in a stable climate. Gradual speciation and punctuated equilibrium both result in the evolution of new species.
Match the evolutionary concepts. ____gene flow a. can lead to interdependent species ____sexual selection b. changes in a populations allele frequencies due to chance alone ____extinct c. alleles enter or leave a population ____genetic drift d. evolutionary history ____phylogeny e. operates on variation in shared traits ____adaptive radiation f. adaptive traits make their bearers better at securing mates ____derived trait g. no more living members ____coevolution h. diagram of sets within sets ____natural selection i. burst of divergences from one lineage into many ____cladogram j. present in a group, but not in any of the groups ancestors
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? competition for food and space variation among species inheritance of acquired characteristics survival and reproduction
Which of these fundamental concepts is well illustrated by genetic exchange among, but distinct lineages of, modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans? Traits evolve to continuously improve over time Evolutionary relationships can only be identified using shared, derived characteristics Natural selection requires variation in heritable traits Genetic drift is strongest in very small populations Speciation is a long-term evolutionary process not an event
Which of the following is the most powerful evolutionary force in large populations over time? migration mutation genetic recombination natural selection