What is a polycistronic mRNA? How are polycistronic mRNAs formed?

Q: What is a disorder caused by errors in transcription? What kind of error is involved?

A: Transcription is defined as the process by which the information present in a DNA strand is copied…

Q: What function do the 5' cap and the poly-A tail serve on a eukaryotic mRNA?

A: DNA is a long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides. It is an acidic substance present in the nucleus,…

Q: Translating the unmutated MRNA that was obtained after splicing, the original protein sequence will…

A:

Q: What is the 5′ cap? How is the 5′ cap added to eukaryotic pre-mRNA? What is the function of the 5′…

A: The process of maturation of eukaryotic mRNA from primary mRNA transcripts is known as RNA…

Q: what is it called when an mRNA is edited and where does it happen?

A: Commonly it’s known that mRNA is produced during the process of transcription which will then go for…

Q: What kind of protein required for the initiation of transcription by RNApolymerase ?

A: Introduction  Transcription: it is the formation of transcript or RNA, which can be coding or…

Q: How do we know that mRNA exists and serves as an intermediate between information encoded in DNA and…

A: It was found that DNA did not directly produce proteins, but instead mRNA transcript is utilized…

Q: How geneticists used synthetic mRNAs to limit the coding possibilities?

A: Prior to the technology existed for RNA synthesis of defined sequence such as given in the figure…

Q: Why do Introns in a pre-operational transcript differ in size and number?

A: Introns An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is removed by RNA splicing to…

Q: How do the mRNAs of bacterial cells and the pre-mRNAs of eukaryotic cells differ? How do the mature…

A: The messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule in which the genetic information is…

Q: how can you find genes that are cotranscribed on a single mRNA?

A: Operon model: it had been given by jacob and Monod. this can be only applicable in prokaryotes as in…

Q: What is RNA editing, how can it increase the number of proteins that can be formed from a single…

A: RNA editing also participated in the variations of proteomics sequence. In many types of cancers…

Q: How is the poly(A) tail added to pre-mRNA? What is the purpose of the poly(A) tail?

A: Transcription is the first of several steps of DNA based gene expression in which a particular…

Q: How do cells make a mature mRNA from a gene whose coding sequences are interrupted by introns?

A: During the splicing of an RNA molecule, there are two major parts, one is a coding part, known as…

Q: What are the steps involved in the processing of eukaryotic pre-MRNA? why is this process important?

A: Eukaryotic pre-mRNA undergoes extensive processing where is pre - tRNA, pre rRNA in both prokaryotes…

Q: What is the role of the sgRNA in genome editing?

A: DNA and RNA are the genetic elements present in almost all cells. DNA encodes for proteins through…

Q: What is alternative splicing? What is its biological significance?

A: Alternative splicing The mRNA synthesized after the transcription process in eukaryotic cells is not…

Q: Could two mRNAs have different nucleotide sequences and yet code for the same protein?

A: To synthesize protein molecules, a cell must first transfer information from DNA to mRNA through the…

Q: What Determine the amount of mRNA that is available for translation ?

A: A single-stranded RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) is complementary to one of a gene's DNA…

Q: Explain how eukaryotic mRNAs are modified to have a cap and a tail.

A: Biomolecules are the compounds that are necessary for different biological processes occurring in a…

Q: What is the evidence that some mRNAs are directed to accumulate in specific subcellular locations?

A: mRNA is te transcribed product of the DNA and has an important role in defining the genetic…

Q: How is RNA processing efficiently coupled with the transcription of a pre-mRNA?

A: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule similar to DNA. Unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded, whereas DNA…

Q: What are the three modifications made to pre-mRNA molecules before they become mature mRNAs that are…

A: The unmodified mRNA which is present in the nucleus is known as a pre-mRNA. In eukaryotic cells, the…

Q: How many codons are there in the ORF region of INS transcript ?

A: The INS gene encodes for insulin hormone that is answerable for glucose homeostasis and control…

Q: How do siRNAs and miRNAs target specific mRNAs for degradation or for the repression of translation?

A: MicroRNAs or miRNAs are a group of small (about 22 nucleotides) noncoding RNAs that participate in…

Q: What are some key differences in how mRNA is processedin prokaryotes versus eukaryotes?

A: In order to produce a functional protein, the genetic information in the DNA is first transcribed or…

Q: How Can a Sequence Logo Be Used to Identify RibosomeBinding Sites on Bacterial mRNAs?

A: Introduction  Bioinformatic is the advanced and recent branch of biology which utilizes computers…

Q: After an MRNA primary transcript is created, a modified guanine nucleoside triphosphate is added to…

A: The genetic information in a cell is processed in a series of steps namely replication,…

Q: What is the mRNA sequence of this DNA and in which direction will mRNA polymerase travel?

A: Messenger RNA is also known as mRNA is a single-stranded RNA molecule, which is complementary to one…

Q: How RNA processing adds a tail to the 3′ end of eukaryotic mRNAs?

A: Transcription is a process by which DNA sequences are copied by an enzyme called RNA polymerase to…

Q: What is the purpose of RNA editing?

A: RNA (ribonucleic acid) is an intermediate molecule that is synthesized from DNA (deoxyribonucleic…

Q: How many different polypeptides can be producedthrough alternative splicing of the same pre-mRNA?

A: Maturation of eukaryotic mRNA often entails the removal of RNA sequences (introns or intervening…

Q: How Different mRNAs can be produced from thesame primary transcript?

A: The central dogma of biology explains the flow of information from genes to protein by two…

Q: What is meant by the term self-splicing? What types of introns are self-splicing?

A: The ribonucleic acid (RNA) transcript consists of non-coding regions, called introns. They are the…

Q: Why eukaryotic genes are called split genes?   What is alternative RNA splicing?

A: Gene is the biological and functional unit of cells. They consists of DNA that is present on the…

Q: What is the importance of alternative splicing? How is this an efficient method of translating…

A: Alternative splicing, or elective RNA splicing, or differential grafting, is an elective splicing…

Q: what is the difference between leader mRNA and attenuator sequence? Please explain the function of…

A: Operon is a genetic regulatory system found in bacteria and their viruses in which genes coding for…

Q: How do eukaryotic cells ensure the start codon of the mRNA is positioned properly during translation…

A: The initiation of protein synthesis consists in the recruitment of a ribosome initiator tRNA complex…

Q: What is alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs?

A: When a single pre- mRNA is spliced in more than one way to produce two or more than two mature…

Q: What is alternative splicing and how does it occur?

A: The formation of a single gene that codes for numerous proteins during the processing of the gene is…

Q: What are the steps involved in the processing of eukaryotic pre-mRNA? Why is this process important?

A: In humans or in eukaryotes, the newly made RNA transcript is not yet ready to go and is called as…

Q: How does the pre-MRNA transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the MRNA found in…

A: How does the pre-mRNA transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell compare to the mRNA found in…

Q: In eukaryotes, what types of modifications occur to pre-mRNAs?

A: Need to explain about the types of modifications occur to pre-mRNAs

Q: Is the shorter length of the mature mRNA a good thing or a bad thing?

A: RNA is the nucleic acids similar to the DNA and contains uracil instead of the thymine. It plays…

Q: Give an account of post transcriptional modification of a eukaryotic Mrna?

A: RNA stands for ribonucleic acid and it is a type of nucleic acid. Some of its important function…

Q: What is the purpose of RNA-RNA rearrangements during pre-mRNA splicing?

A: INTRODUCTION A molecule compare to DNA is ribonucleic acid (RNA). RNA is one-stranded, and DNA is…

Q: How mRNAs are often translated immediately and degraded ?

A: RNA is the short form for Ribonucleic acid, and it is an important biological macromolecule found in…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.