We know that ketone body synthesis occurs due to high activity of ß-oxidation in the liver. Whic of the following must also occur? low citric acid cycle activity due to oxaloacetate entering gluconeogenesis O low electron transport activity due to lack of oxygen increased glycolysis activity providing oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis O increased pentose phosphate activity to provide NADPH
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- Match the following B vitamins with the roles of their coenzymes: riboflavin [ Choose ] niacin [ Choose ] pantothenic acid [ Choose ] vitamin B6 [ Choose ]Which of the following events does not occur during Krebs Cycle? Citrate synthase catalyzers the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl coenzyme A to oxaloacetate to form citrate. Isocitrate dehydrogenase converts citrate to its isomer isocitrate. A carbon dioxide is released when alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized to succinyl coenzyme A. The energy released from the conversion of succinyl coenzyme A to succinate is used to transfer a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP. During Krebs Cycle, succinate is oxidized to fumarate which is coupled to the reduction of FAD to FADH2. During electron transport, the electrons from FADH2 are transferred to coenzyme Q. Which of the following catalyzes these reactions? NADH dehydrogenase Succinate dehydrogenase FADH2 hydrogenase NADH hydrogenase reductasechoose the metabolic pathway being described in the statement choices: Digestion Glycolysis Formation of Acetyl CoA Krebs Cycle ETC Reactions Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis 1. catalyzed initially by glycogen phosphorylase 2. breaking of glycosidic linkages of glycogen 3. requires pumping of hydrogen ions 4. lactic acid is converted to glucose
- What enzyme will not be used if the oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway is operating to produce ribose 5-phosphate? Ribulose 5-phosphate isomerase 6-phosphoglucono-lactonase 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase TransaldolaseResearchers found that cancer cells survived on which has the chemical formula C6H12O6, to produce energy only through the anaerobic process called Druing which one C6H1206 molecule with six carbon atoms is converted into molecules of pyruvate, each of which contains three carbon atoms. If you deprive cancer cells of C6H12O6 , the metabolism should switch to ketone bodies provided by But cancer cells are metabolically not able to switch to ketone bodies as fuel because they can only survive on C6H1206 . All of other cells in human bodies can use either C6H1206 or ketone bodies. Lacking this metabolic flexibility, cancer cells go in starvation. In other words, eating less won't starve cancer, but eating "healthy" might. "Healthy" here refers to a low-sugar or low carb, -rich and fat-rich ketogenic diet.Glucose is converted to pyruvate in glycolysis, yielding a netsynthesis of 2 ATP. In certain cells pyruvate can be reconverted to glucose during gluconeogenesis. How many ATPsare required to convert pyruvate back to glucose?
- In liver, the accumulation of which of the following metabolite attenuates the inhibitory of ATP on phosphofructokinase? * O Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Glucose-6-Phosphate O CitrateThe enzyme is considered to be alan * ÇOO ÇOO Lactate dehydrogenase HO-C-H+ NAD C=0 + NADH + H CH: Pyruvate Lactate O Oxydoreductase O Isomerase O Hydrolase O Ligase O DehydrataseWhich of the following glycolytic enzymes must consume ATP during phosphorylation of its preferred substrate molecule? phosphoglycerate mutase pyruvate kinase succinate dehydrogenase hexokinase phosphoglycerate kinase
- Several of the enzymes of glycolysis fall into classes that we will see often in metabolism. What reaction types are catalyzed by each of the following: Kinases Isomerases Aldolases DehydrogenasesWhen fats get oxidized in the mitochondria they eventually break down into Acetyl CoA and through the action of HMG-Colyase get broken down into ketone bodies. What are these ketone bodies? How are they used to make energy?choose the metabolic pathway being described in the statement choices: Digestion Glycolysis Formation of Acetyl CoA Krebs Cycle ETC Reactions Glycogenesis Glycogenolysis Gluconeogenesis conversion of glyceradehyde-3-PO4 to glucose2. liberates more ATP from reduced coenzymes 3. occurs when the body runs out of carbohydrates 4. pyruvic acid is decarboxylated and oxidized 5. generates two molecules of pyruvate for every glucose catabolized 6. second release of CO2 in cellular respiration 7. catabolism of dietary carbohydrates 8. response to a drop in blood glucose9. catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase 10. actic acid is converted to glucose