To fix a TLB miss, a computer or OS will go through a series of procedures. Consider the worst-case scenario results.
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To fix a TLB miss, a computer or OS will go through a series of procedures. Consider the worst-case scenario results.
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- What is stop and wait ARQ in error control ?..Consider a program that accesses a single I/O device and compare unbuffered I/O to the use of a buffer. Show that the use of the buffer can reduce the running time by at most a factor of two.Do you know what would occur if a command was denied? A software-managed TLB is faster than a hardware-managed TLB in the following situations:
- One of the problems with the Internet email system is that sending forged emails is relatively straightforward, i.e., it is easy to send an email with a fake sender/from address. One solution to this problem would be for a domain’s mail servers to digitally sign any email originating from the domain. For this to be useful, the public key would need to be made available to clients to validate the signatures. It is proposed that the public keys of the mail servers will be verified and signed by a certification authority (same as SSL/TLS certificates) and distributed via a standardised URL for the domain, e.g., https://mybusiness.com/email.pubkey. (a) Explain how the client would obtain the public key and validate the email server’s digital signatures. (b) Discuss the problem of trusting the obtained public key and how this solution results in public keys that can/cannot be trusted. (c) Indicate whether you believe this approach could be used to prevent forged emails and explain why it…For each event, specify an algorithm that shows how the system changes when this type of event occurs. There are four scanners: three normal scanners and one Sniffometer.- When a passenger arrives they are randomly assigned to queue up for a scanner.- The regular scanner takes 5 seconds to check a passenger.- The Sniffometer takes 20 seconds to check a passenger.- The regular scanner is set off by 10% of passengers.- The Sniffometer is set off by 1% of passengers.- Anyone who sets off a scanner must spend an extra 200 seconds receiving a secondary screening.Could you give me an example of how the line-waiting procedure works?
- Assume there is some hardware error in DES encryption.(a) What happens if the F function in each round of DES ALWAYS produces all 0’s no matter what key is.(b) What happens if the F function in each round of DES ALWAYS produces all 1’s no matter what key is.Consider a program that performs the following steps repeatedly: Use the CPU for 4 milliseconds. By issuing an I/O, use the disk for 14 milliseconds. Use the CPU for 10 milliseconds. By issuing an I/O, use network for 18 milliseconds. Assume that each step depends on data obtained from the previous step (e.g., step 3 cannot start before step 2 is completed. Also assume that each resource (CPU or disk or network) can be used by one process at a time. Answer the following questions: (a) Draw 3 time-line diagrams (horizontal axis is the time line; one line for each resource. That is, 3 parallel rows in the resulted figure.) that illustrate the utilizations of the CPU, disk, and network over the execution of two iterations of the program above by a single process. (b) What are the average utilizations of the CPU, disk and network over these two iterations? (Please note that the “total time” should be the same across all resources, from the entire system starts until all work on any…A processor uses a serial link to communicate with a keyboard for word processing. A typist using this keyboard can type at rates peaking at 120 words per minute, where a word is 6 characters (including spaces and punctuation). The characters will be transmitted from the keyboard in 8-bit ASCII with one stop bit and no parity. Only consider these and no special characters. The programmer writes setup and polling service routines based on a minimum baud rate, but then finds that the keyboard will only interface at 19.2 Kbaud. Will the polling service routine have to change? Why or why not? Baud Rates 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200
- Abstract: the main purpose of this experiment is build real time system using PPI 8255 to control devices connected to. Problem description: assume that there are two devices are connected to port A and two sensors are connected to port B of PPI 8255. They work according to the following table Sensors (S1S2) Devices (DID2) 00 01 01 10 10 11 11 00 Write a program to control these two devices according to the values of sensors.Several retailers have gotten together and begun issuing a “state” credit card that is good only in stores in their state. As a courtesy, salesclerks are permitted to transcribe the 15-digit account number by hand (after getting it from the accounting office) if the customer is not carrying the card. The only problem with accounts that retailers have noticed so far is that sometimes-erroneous account numbers are accepted into the computer system, resulting in a bill being issued to a non-existent account. 1. What sort of validity test would clear up the problem? How? Respond in a paragraph. 2. Suggest an alternative data entry method that might alleviate this problem altogether.Create a MIPS assembly program using MARS to do RSA encryption/decryption. Get a numeric message from the user and encrypt it. Also, get a numeric message from the user and decrypt it. An RSA public key consists of a pair of numbers (n, e), and the message m is encrypted to a ciphertext c by calculating c = me (mod n). The RSA private key consists of a pair of numbers (n, d), and a ciphertext c is decrypted by calculating m = cd (mod n). For this, use n=21733, e=257, d=1403. Note that since me and cd can get rather large (hundreds or thousands of digits for our examples), use the following pseudocode to handle encryption and decryption: doRSA( n, exp, msg ) cmsg = msg Initialize ciphertext, requires odd exponent mpow = msg message to the power 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, … tempexp = exp temporary exponent while ( tempexp > 1 ) mpow = ( mpow * mpow ) % n square the message tempexp = tempexp / 2 update the power if ( tempexp % 2 == 1 ) 1 bit in the binary representation of e? cmsg = ( cmsg…