Time (s) n(Pa) Volume % x methanol x water 221 0.891 0 1 318 20 0.013 0.2 0.8 40 416 0.016 0.4 0.6 60 440 0.017 0.6 0.4 0.2 80 335 0.012 0.8 0.543 100 205 1 The other useful property mentioned earlier that applies to fluid mobility is denoted as fluidity (F), which is the reciprocal of the viscosity coefficient F = (5) An advantage of using fluidity over viscosity is that fluidities of mixed solutions of non- associating liquids are approximately additive. Thus for a binary mixture of liquids A and B, the fluidity of a mixture can be approximated as Fx,F,+xF (6) where xA and xB are the mole fractions of each pure liquid in the solution. Another approach for expressing the viscosity of a mixture is the following, proposed by Kendall (7) The Ostwald viscometer is a simple device for comparing the flow rates of two liquids of known densities. If the viscosity of one is known, the other can be calculated. Read page 320 of Garland et al for the theory of how an Ostwald viscosimeter works and page 326 for how to use it accurately. To calculate coefficient of viscosity using an Ostwald viscosimeter the following equation is used: (8) pBt
Time (s) n(Pa) Volume % x methanol x water 221 0.891 0 1 318 20 0.013 0.2 0.8 40 416 0.016 0.4 0.6 60 440 0.017 0.6 0.4 0.2 80 335 0.012 0.8 0.543 100 205 1 The other useful property mentioned earlier that applies to fluid mobility is denoted as fluidity (F), which is the reciprocal of the viscosity coefficient F = (5) An advantage of using fluidity over viscosity is that fluidities of mixed solutions of non- associating liquids are approximately additive. Thus for a binary mixture of liquids A and B, the fluidity of a mixture can be approximated as Fx,F,+xF (6) where xA and xB are the mole fractions of each pure liquid in the solution. Another approach for expressing the viscosity of a mixture is the following, proposed by Kendall (7) The Ostwald viscometer is a simple device for comparing the flow rates of two liquids of known densities. If the viscosity of one is known, the other can be calculated. Read page 320 of Garland et al for the theory of how an Ostwald viscosimeter works and page 326 for how to use it accurately. To calculate coefficient of viscosity using an Ostwald viscosimeter the following equation is used: (8) pBt
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
8th Edition
ISBN:9781285199030
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter2: Measurements And Calculations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 104AP: Convert 45 mi/h to m/s, showing how the units cancel appropriately.
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Question
Use the data and formula below to test the validity of the equation (7) for the two binary systems studied.
Transcribed Image Text:Time (s)
n(Pa)
Volume %
x methanol
x water
221
0.891
0
1
318
20
0.013
0.2
0.8
40
416
0.016
0.4
0.6
60
440
0.017
0.6
0.4
0.2
80
335
0.012
0.8
0.543
100
205
1
Transcribed Image Text:The other useful property mentioned earlier that applies to fluid mobility is denoted as
fluidity (F), which is the reciprocal of the viscosity coefficient
F =
(5)
An advantage of using fluidity over viscosity is that fluidities of mixed solutions of non-
associating liquids are approximately additive. Thus for a binary mixture of liquids A and B,
the fluidity of a mixture can be approximated as
Fx,F,+xF
(6)
where xA and xB are the mole fractions of each pure liquid in the solution. Another approach
for expressing the viscosity of a mixture is the following, proposed by Kendall
(7)
The Ostwald viscometer is a simple device for comparing the flow rates of two liquids of
known densities. If the viscosity of one is known, the other can be calculated. Read page
320 of Garland et al for the theory of how an Ostwald viscosimeter works and page 326 for
how to use it accurately.
To calculate coefficient of viscosity using an Ostwald viscosimeter the following equation is
used:
(8)
pBt
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