This time, assume there are 3 senders whom interfere with eachother and that the interfering transmitted bit signals are additive. The value received at a receiver, however, is now the sum of the transmitted bits from all senders. Assume that sender 1 has a CDMA code of (-1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1), sender 2 has a CDMA code of (1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1), and sender 3 has a CDMA code of (-1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1) and their combined output is: (-1, -1, 1, 3, -3, 1, -3, 3, 1) If you can't determine (or they sent nothing) choose n/a What did sender 1 send [sender1] What did sender 2 send [sender2] What did sender 3 send [sender3] [sender1] [sender2] [sender3] [Choose ] [Choose ] ✓ [Choose ] 0 1, n/a -1,

This time, assume there are 3 senders whom interfere with eachother and that the interfering transmitted bit signals are additive. The value received at a receiver, however, is now the sum of the transmitted bits from all senders. Assume that sender 1 has a CDMA code of (-1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1), sender 2 has a CDMA code of (1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1), and sender 3 has a CDMA code of (-1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1) and their combined output is: (-1, -1, 1, 3, -3, 1, -3, 3, 1) If you can't determine (or they sent nothing) choose n/a What did sender 1 send [sender1] What did sender 2 send [sender2] What did sender 3 send [sender3] [sender1] [sender2] [sender3] [Choose ] [Choose ] ✓ [Choose ] 0 1, n/a -1,

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Unless specified otherwise, use the free space propagation speed of light 3x108 m/s to calculate the propagation delay. For numerical calculations, the results must show the appropriate unit. Show a complete solution for each problem3. Consider a digital multimedia transmission system. Separate audio and video coders are used to encode these signals. Audio and video bits are packed in packets together and transmitted over a transmission link. Each packet is 2,000 bytes long, which includes a 48-byte header. The system generates one packet every 40 ms. Calculate the following values:a. The minimum data transmission rate required to support the above system.b. The minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB required to transmit the above audio and video information. Assume a 400-kHz transmission channel bandwidth is used.c. The end-to-end packet delay over a 50-km link, using answer in Part a).
Q3.Unless specified otherwise, use the free space propagation speed of light 3x108 m/s to calculate the propagation delay. For numerical calculations, the results must show the appropriate unit. Show me a complete solution NOT THE AI SOLUTION. Consider a digital multimedia transmission system. Separate audio and video coders are used to encode these signals. Audio and video bits are packed in packets together and transmitted over a transmission link. Each packet is 2,000 bytes long, which includes a 48-byte header. The system generates one packet every 40 ms. Calculate the following values:a. The minimum data transmission rate required to support the above system.b. The minimum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB required to transmit the above audio and video information. Assume a 400-kHz transmission channel bandwidth is used.c. The end-to-end packet delay over a 50-km link, using answer in Part a).
Consider the following scenario: Frames of 12000 bits are sent over a 400kbps channel using a satellite whose propagation delay is 270ms. Acknowledgements are always piggybacked onto data frames. (That is, in the case of stop-and-wait, the next frame cannot be transmitted until the entire frame containing the acknowledgement is received.) Five-bit sequence numbers are used. What is the maximum achievable channel utilization for (a) Stop-and-wait. (b) Protocol 5 (i.e., Go Back N). (c) Protocol 6 (i.e., Selective Repeat)
Suppose that a binary message – either 0 or 1 – must be transmitted by wire from location Ato location B. However, the data sent over the wire are subject to a channel noise disturbance,so to reduce the possibility of error, the value 2 is sent over the wire when the message is1, and the value −2 is sent when the message is 0. If X, X = {−2,2}, is the value sent atlocation A, the value received at location B, denoted as R, is given byR = X + N ,where N is the channel noise disturbance, which is independent of X. When the message isreceived at location B, the receiver decodes it according to the following rule:if R ≥.5, then conclude that message 1 was sentif R < .5, then conclude that message 0 was sentAssuming that the channel noise, N, is a unit normal random variable and that the message0 or 1 is sent with equal probability, what is the probability that we conclude that the wrongmessage was sent? This is the probability of error for this communication channel
Consider the following bit stream-a. 00000000 b. 11111111 c. 01010101 d. 00110011 Draw the graph of the i. NRZ-Iusing each of the given data streams, assuming that the last signal level has been positive. From thegraphs, guess the bandwidth for this scheme using the average number of changes in the signal level.
Consider a 1Mbps transmission channel. The clock at the receiver has a drift of 1 second in one year. How long asequence of bits (or frame) can be sent before the clock drift could cause a problem? Assume that the sender and receiver are synchronized at the beginning of each frame and that they cannot resynchronize during the frame. Also, assume that the receiver samples the received signal at the middle of each bit duration to detect if it is 0 or 1.
A digitized voice channel is made by digitizing a 4-kHz bandwidthanalog voice signal. We need to sample the signal at twice the highestfrequency. We assume that each sample requires 16 bits. What is therequired bit rate?
1. Suppose that Bob sends 1,764,000 bits to Alice over a 10.5 Kbps link (note, 1 Kbps = 103 bps) that uses circuit switching. Suppose that circuit switching on the link is implemented using TDM, that a frame is 1 sec, and that a frame consists of 15 slots. Bob is assigned one slot in every frame. How many minutes does it take Bob to transmit all bits to Alice? PUC)
Suppose that a SW ARQ system with 1-bit sequence numbering has a time-out value that is less than the time required to receive an ACK. Station A sends 5 frames to station B. No errors occur during transmission of all 5 frames. One ACK is lost when it is transmitted the first time (see the following table), and no transmission of that ACK. No errors occur during transmission of the other 4 ACKS. Sketch the sequence of frame exchanges that transpire between stations A and B. (а) error occurs in re- Last digit of your student ID number 0, 1 2, 3 Lost ACK 1 4, 5 6, 7 8, 9 2 3 4
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q7- Consider a Code Division Multiple Access system in which transmitting users A, B & C have the codes (1 1 1 1 -1 -1 -1 1), (1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1) and (1 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1) respectively similar to the Walsh codes of other users. The receiver intends to receive data transmitted by user C a) Find the bit transmitted if A, B are transmitting 1 and C is idle Result is 6, hence output is 1 Result is -14, hence output is 0 Result is 14, hence output is 1 Result is -6, hence output is 0 Result is Answer, hence output is Answer b) Find the bit transmitted if A, B and C are transmitting 1 Result is 6, hence output is 1 Result is -14, hence output is 0 Result is 14, hence output is 1 Result is -6, hence output is 0 Result is Answer, hence output is Answer
Suppose there is a b+n (Sum of first and last digit of your Reg#) Mbps microwave link between a geostationary satellite and its base station on Earth. Every minute the satellite takes a digital photo and sends it to the base station. Assume a propagation speed of 2.4*108 meters/sec. 1. What is the propagation delay of the link? 2. What is the bandwidth-delay product?