The two strands of the DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds between base pairs.When an enzyme unzips the molecule to separate the two strands, it has to break these hydrogen bonds. A simplified model represents a hydrogen bond as the electrostatic interaction of four point charges arranged along a straight line. The figure shows the arrangement of charges for one of the hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine. Estimate the energy that must be supplied to break this bond. N 91 0.120 nm Adenine H 92 Hydrogen bond 0.180 nm 0 93 0.120 nm Thymine C 94 where g₁= -0.310e, g2= +0.310e, 93= -0.410e, and g4 = +0.410e. | J. The energy that must be supplied to break the hydrogen bond is

The two strands of the DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds between base pairs.When an enzyme unzips the molecule to separate the two strands, it has to break these hydrogen bonds. A simplified model represents a hydrogen bond as the electrostatic interaction of four point charges arranged along a straight line. The figure shows the arrangement of charges for one of the hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine. Estimate the energy that must be supplied to break this bond. N 91 0.120 nm Adenine H 92 Hydrogen bond 0.180 nm 0 93 0.120 nm Thymine C 94 where g₁= -0.310e, g2= +0.310e, 93= -0.410e, and g4 = +0.410e. | J. The energy that must be supplied to break the hydrogen bond is

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

1st Edition

ISBN:9781133939146

Author:Katz, Debora M.

Publisher:Katz, Debora M.

Chapter26: Electric Potential

Section26.3: Electric Potential Energy

Problem 26.3CE: A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, with a total of 10 electrons...

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Four charged particles are at rest at the corners of a square (Fig. P26.14). The net charges are q1 = q2 = +2.65 C and q3 = q4 = 5.15 C. The distance between particle 1 and particle 3 is r13 = 1.75 cm. a. What is the electric potential energy of the four-particle system? b. If the particles are released from rest, what will happen to the system? In particular, what will happen to the systems kinetic energy?
FIGURE P26.14 Problems 14, 15, and 16. Four charged particles are at rest at the corners of a square (Fig. P26.14). The net charges are q1 = q2 = 2.65 C and q3 = q4 = 5.15 C. The distance between particle 1 and particle 3 is r13 = 1.75 cm. a. What is the electric potential energy of the four-particle system? b. If the particles are released from rest, what will happen to the system? In particular, what will happen to the systems kinetic energy as their separations become infinite?
Consider the final arrangement of charged particles shown in Figure P26.7. What is the work necessary to build such an arrangement of particles, assuming they were originally very far from one another? FIGURE P26.7 Problems 7 and 28.
Problems 72, 73, and 74 are grouped. 72. A Figure P26.72 shows a source consisting of two identical parallel disks of radius R. The x axis runs through the center of each disk. Each disk carries an excess charge uniformly distributed on its surface. The disk on the left has a total positive charge Q, and the disk on the right has a total negative charge Q. The distance between the disks is 3R, and point A is 2R from the positively charged disk. Find an expression for the electric potential at point A between the disks on the x axis. Approximate any square roots to three significant figures. FIGURE P26.72 Problems 72, 73, and 74.
Figure P26.35 shows four particles with identical charges of +5.75 C arrayed at the vertices of a rectangle of width 25.0 cm and height 55.0 cm. What is the change in the electric potential energy of this system if particles A, B, and C are held in place and particle D is brought from infinity to the position shown in the figure? FIGURE P26.35
(a) Calculate the number of electrons in a small, electrically neutral silver pin that has a mass of 10.0 g. Silver has 47 electrons per atom, and its molar mass is 107.87 g/mol. (b) Imagine adding electrons to the pin until the negative charge has the very large value 1.00 mC. How many electrons are added for every 109 electrons already present?
(a) Calculate the number of electrons in a small, electrically neutral silver pin that has a mass of 10.0 g. Silver has 47 electrons per atom, and its molar mass is 107.87 g/mol. (b) Imagine adding electrons to the pin until the negative charge has the very large value 1.00 mC. How many electrons are added for every 109 electrons already present?
Unreasonable results (a) Two 0.500 g raindrops in a thunderhead are 1.00 cm apart when they each acquire 1.00 mC charges. Find their acceleration. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which premise or assumption is responsible?
A water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, with a total of 10 electrons and 10 protons. The molecule is modeled as a dipole with an effective separation d = 3.9 1012 m between its positive and negative particles. What is the electric potential energy stored in the dipole? What does the sign of your answer mean?
Two small beads having positive charges q1 = 3q and q2 = q are fixed at the opposite ends of a horizontal insulating rod of length d = 1.50 m. The bead with charge q1 is at the origin. As shown in Figure P19.7, a third small, charged bead is free to slide on the rod. (a) At what position x is the third bead in equilibrium? (b) Can the equilibrium be stable?
(a) How much charge can be placed on a capacitor with air between the plates before it breaks down if the area of each plate is 5.00 cm2? (b) Find the maximum charge if polystyrene is used between the plates instead of air. Assume the dielectric strength of air is 3.00 106 V/m and that of polystyrene is 24.0 106 V/m.
The two charges in Figure P24.12 are separated by a distance d = 2.00 cm, and Q = +5.00 nC. Find (a) the electric potential at A, (b) the electric potential at B, and (c) the electric potential difference between B and A. Figure P24.12