The number of bacterial cells increases from X to 32,000,000 in 2 hr. The generation time is 20 minutes. The value of X is 500,000 O 1,000,000 O 3,200,000 O 5,333,000
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Microbial Physiology
Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.
Chemotaxis
The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.
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- A bacteria colony's radius is measured as a function of time. t r(t) 0 1.01 0.1 1.031 Estimate the rate of growth Ar/At at t = 0.1 Give two digits past the decimal point. 0.2 1.052 0.3 1.074 0.4 1.096A species of bacteria has a doubling time of 24 hours. After incubating the initial population for one week, the final population was 6,400 cells. What was the initial population of that bacteria? Show all work. Equations: Nt = No x 2n Final concentration = (initial concentration)/(total dilution factor) Total dilution factor = (individual dilution factor)# of serial dilutionsImagine you have been given a liquid culture of yeast with a starting concentration of 3.67 x 10' cells/ml and are asked to carry out the sample dilution process shown in the figure below. 100μl 100μl 100μl 100μl 100μl 0.9ml 0.9ml 0.9ml H2O H₂O 6.9ml 0.9ml H₂O H₂O H₂O Original 10-1 102 10-3 104 Culture 105 100μl 100μl 100μl Plate A Plate B Plate C a. How many colonies should have been present on Plate A in this example? - Answers must be whole numbers as partial colonies are not expected. b. Imagine you carried out the same dilution scheme shown in the figure above, but now, you do not know the concentration of the original culture. If you counted 163 colonies on Plate B, what is the concentration of cells/ml in the original culture?
- A serial dilution of a bacterial culture yields the following number of colonies. Which plate(s) should be used to determine the original cell density? Plate A Plate B Plate C Plate D Plate E Dilution Factor 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8 10-9 # of Colonies Too many to count 850 456 80 14 Group of answer choices All of these choices A & B D & E E None of these choices A B & C D B C & D CBacteria count Shown is a typical graph of the number N of bacteria grown in a batch culture as a function of time 1. Describe what you think is happening during each of the four phases. NAThere are 10 mL of a culture of a bacteria at 104 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same broth at the same temperature (37° C) It is 8 p.m. the night before your lab which starts at 11 a.m. Doubling time for this species is 40 minutes. Will the culture reach Stationary Phase before your lab? Set up the equation correctly, solve for t, and tell me what time the culture will reach Stationary Phase. t /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301
- A student is performing a bacterial growth curve experiment. At t= 0 hrs, he inoculated 50 mL of the favorable growth medium with 2x 10* bacterial cells. After 6 hrs, the bacterial population was around 450 CFU/50 mL bacteria. Calculate the growth constant "k" for the bacteria.Assume you have a stock culture at 5 x 109 cells/mL and you wish to inoculate 1 liter of fresh medium so that in 15 hours the cell density will be 2 x 108/mL. Assume a generation time of 3.5 hours. What should be the dilution?Population calculation A culture of bacteria is started with an initial input of 250 cells. After 20 generations, how many bacteria would be present in the culture?
- A medium was inoculated with 5 * 106 cells/ml of Escherichiacoli cells. Following a 1-h lag, the population grewexponentially for 5 h, after which the population was 5.4 * 109cells/ml. Calculate g and k for this growth experiment.7. E. Coli bacteria were grown in a 5.0 L batch cell culture reactor, with the following data collected: Cell Count (per mL) 10,277,000 Inoculation Time ---> Time 11:19 am 11:35 am 11:57 pm 12:08 pm 12:45 pm 1:07 pm 1:11 pm 1:16 pm 1:19 pm 1:34 pm 1:46 pm 1:57 pm 2:09 pm 2:33 pm 10,313,000 20,984,000 29,750,000 60,202,000 210,909,000 224,750,000 227,960,000 229,216,000 229,115,000 227,260,000 204,935,000 183,745,000 146,103,000 (inoculation is when the cells are first put in the growth media) A. Draw a log10 X vs. time graph and label the phases for batch cell growth. B. Calculate the specific growth rate, μ, and mass doubling time, td, for the exponential growth phase. C. Calculate kd, the specific rate of cell mass loss due to cell death (For B & C, it will be helpful to re-plot the y-axis as In X or In (X/X.), and focus on only the data in that phase) Using spreadsheet software will be helpful in drawing this graph and analyzing data for parts B & C. Be as quantitative as possible,…An inoculum of 106 bacterial cells was introduced into a flask of culture medium and growth monitored. No change was seen for 18 minutes (the lag phase), then growth occurred rapidly. After a further 87 minutes, the population had increased to 5.08 × 107 cells. What is the doubling time of the culture? Show your solution. (The 87-minute period is after the lag phase.)