The National Halothane Study was a major investigation of the safety of anesthetics used in surgery. Records of more than 850,000 operations performed in 34 major hospitals showed death rates for four common anesthetics: Anesthetic A B C D Death rate 1.7% 1.7% 3.4% 1.9% There is a clear association between the anesthetic used and the death rate of patients. Anesthetic C appears dangerous.

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The National Halothane Study was a major investigation of the safety of anesthetics used in surgery. Records of more than
850,000 operations performed in 34 major hospitals showed death rates for four common anesthetics:
Anesthetic
A
D
Death rate
1.7%
1.7%
3.4%
1.9%
There is a clear association between the anesthetic used and the death rate of patients. Anesthetic C appears dangerous.
Transcribed Image Text:The National Halothane Study was a major investigation of the safety of anesthetics used in surgery. Records of more than 850,000 operations performed in 34 major hospitals showed death rates for four common anesthetics: Anesthetic A D Death rate 1.7% 1.7% 3.4% 1.9% There is a clear association between the anesthetic used and the death rate of patients. Anesthetic C appears dangerous.
(b) When the study looked at other variables that are confounded with a doctor's choice of anesthetic, it found that
Anesthetic C was not causing extra deaths. Suggest important lurking variables that are confounded with what anesthetic
a patient receives. (Select any and all that apply.)
the anesthetics the patient does not receive
the age and sex of the anesthesiologist
the disease or condition for which the subject was being treated
the age and sex of the subject
the type of surgery performed
Transcribed Image Text:(b) When the study looked at other variables that are confounded with a doctor's choice of anesthetic, it found that Anesthetic C was not causing extra deaths. Suggest important lurking variables that are confounded with what anesthetic a patient receives. (Select any and all that apply.) the anesthetics the patient does not receive the age and sex of the anesthesiologist the disease or condition for which the subject was being treated the age and sex of the subject the type of surgery performed
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