The ability of some microbes, such as Trypanosoma or Giardia to alter their surface molecules and evade destruction by the host's antibodies is called? cytopathic effect lysogenic conversion antigenic variation..
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1. The ability of some microbes, such as Trypanosoma or Giardia to alter their surface molecules and evade destruction by the host's antibodies is called?
cytopathic effect
lysogenic conversion
antigenic variation..
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- 1. Which of the following sentences is CORRECT? A .P53 is an example of tumour activator gene B. leukotrienes are derived from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase C. effective bacteriocidal enzymes are contained in lysosome of the lymphocytes D. Gram stain is the most commonly used tissue stain for routine histological examination E .proteoglycans are located in ground substance of the ECM in connective tissues and basement membraneAutoantibodies are probably involved in ________. a. reactions to poison ivy b. pollen allergies c. systemic lupus erythematosus d. HIV/AIDSBacteria In the petri dish in Figure 1, the bacteria Esherichia coli (E. coli) was grown and treated with disks soaked in different substances. Disk A was soaked in hand sanitizer, Disk B left untreated and Disk C was soaked in bleach The darker space around disks A and C where there is no growth of bacteria is called O Streptococcus pneumonae O ytic cycle O antibodies O the zone of inhibition 10 11 Nev
- 55. Substances such as Lipid A of LPS which trigger fever production which may help inhibit pathogen replication and speed up chemical reactions involved in host defenses are called pyrogens C Reactive Proteins,/CRP pyogens O leukocidins45. Host defenses In the process called concentration gradients of microbial substances and inflammatory mediators guide phagocytes to the area of microbial invasion. diapedesis chemotaxis margination inflammation55. Identify a MISMATCHED pair from the following, Group of answer choices lethal factor :::: protease activity; inhibits chemokine production. edema factor :::: unregulated cAMP synthesis protective antigen :::: binds and assembles at target cell membrane protective antigen :::: acts as a biosensor ; detects higher temperature of the digestive system to become active protective factor :::: aids in bringing other toxins components inside cell via endocytosis 56. Which of the following holds TRUE for blood agar medium? Group of answer choices gamma hemolysis is when there is no effect on red blood cells. alpha hemolysis is due to complete breakdown of red blood cells beta hemolysis is the incomplete breakdown of red blood cells. we always use human red blood cells in blood agar blood agar medium belongs to selective media
- 1. Besides an allergen and an antibody, what is required to cause a cytotoxic (Type II) reaction?1. GLUT4, OAT1, and NKCC2 all have 12 transmembrane domains. True False 2. In the presence of probenecid, the filtration rate of penicillin is significantly reduced, leading to lower clearance rates for penicillin and a sustained therapeutic effect. True False22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cell- mediated immunity? a. The cells originate in bone marrow b. Cells are processed in the thymus gland c. The activation of cell-mediated immunity can be suppressed d. They are antigen presenting cells e. All of the above are characteristics of cell-mediated immunity 23. All of the following could be possibly target sites for antimicrobials to limit the possibility of side effects except a. peptidoglycan b. parasitic glycolytic enzymes c. ergosterol C. d. RNA polymerase DNA gyrase e. 24. Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT a. persistent infections b. a bacteria expressing new genes c. transduction of genes C. d. the turning off of the host cell's transcriptional and translational machinery e. the definite destruction of an infected cell 25. Due to your patient's opsonization of a bacterial cell with C₂B, which of following did NOT occur a. interference of the patient's secondary viral infection b. bacterial cell…
- 5) In the event of an inflammation in the body, discuss the vaccine concept after stating what the proteins that cause this formation in the cell where the inflammation takes place and consequently cause the initiation of the fight against this foreign substance.71. T-independent antigens such as capsular polysaccharides have all of the following disadvantages EXCEPT (which is false?): do NOT trigger production of memory cells do NOT trigger immune response by the very young and the very old trigger only IgM production stronger IgE response Dit SC7. The antibodies sure seem to be taking a long time. You are dying to know where in the cell YFP is localized (in the cytoplasm? ER? Lysosome? a) Briefly, how could you attempt to determine this before the antibodies are ready? b) Briefly, how could you determine the localization after you get the antibodies?
