nits equal e to one hira of total emissior economy (so two-thirds of all emissions m bated), and that there will be a competiti ket for permits sold on an exchange (i.e., i ket) with publicly posted prices so that it is easy to buy or sell permits. Suppose now a firm with a marginal abatement cost of a special opportunity to buy 100 permits e of $15 per permit. e or False: The firm should buy the permits n though their marginal cost is below $15.
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- Cape Town and Durban were first developed in the 17th and 18th centuries as trading posts on theshipping route between Western Europe and Asia. During the 19th century, this role changed withthe discovery of diamonds and gold in the interior. The port cities developed from being stop-overand service points providing shipping services, to being ports through which commodities weretraded.”The change in the that occurred in the Durban and Cape Town ports during the 19th century is best explained by…a) A movement along the production possibilities frontier.b) A movement towards the production possibilities frontierc) An outward movement of the production possibilities frontierd) An inward movement of the production possibilities frontier. When Chinese automakers began exporting cars, rather thanfocusing on developed nations in the West, they shippedautos to emerging markets in countries such as Algeria, Russia,Chile, and South Africa. In these markets, even used vehiclesfrom multinational manufacturers are relatively scarce—andrelatively expensive. The Chinese automakers, who prioritizelow cost rather than design or even safety, applied a penetration-pricing strategy. A woman in Santiago, Chile, who boughta new Chery S21 explained, “The price factor is fairly decisive.I paid $5,500 new and full. Toyota with similar features costsaround $12,000.” Why do you think Chinese automakerschose that pricing strategy? Do you think it was successful?As Chinese regulators pressure these manufacturers to maketheir cars safer, do you think they will be able to keep theirprices low compared with those of the international automakers? Why or why not?26Return to Figure 9.2. Suppose P0 is $10 and P1 is$11. Suppose a new firm with the same LRAC curve asthe incumbent tries to break into the market by selling4,000 units of output. Estimate from the graph what thenew firm’s average cost of producing output would be.If the incumbent continues to produce 6,000 units, howmuch output would the two firms supply to the market?Estimate what would happen to the market price as aresult of the supply of both the incumbent firm andthe new entrant. Approximately how much profit wouldeach firm earn?
- 1. Suppose you are the economic adviser ofa company producing three brands of mobile pnones;Nokia 10, Samsung X and iPhone 7. Suppose further that, your company currently sells 120units of iPhone Z at e800 per unit, 150 units of Samsung X at e800 per unit and 200 units ofNokia 10 at e100 per unit, but in a bid to maximize profit, the company's managing directorproposes an increase in price of Samsung X from e800 to e1000 per unit for which quantitydemanded is anticipated to fall from 150 to 100 units; iPhone Z from e800 to e 1200 per unitfor which quantity demanded is anticipated to fall from 120 to 100 units; and Nokia 10 from100 to 200 per unit for which quantity demanded is expected to fall from 200 to 100 unitsUsing the mid-polint formula. compute the price elasticity of demand for each brand.From your answer in i, what is the type and economic interpretatiom of each brand'sii.value of elasticity.2. Briefly explain any three key features of a Perfect Competitive and a Monopolistic…May and Raj me the only two growers who provide organically grown corn to a local grocery store. They know that if they cooperated and produced less corn, they could raise the price of the com. If they work independently, they will each earn 100. If they decide to work together and both lower their output, they call each earn 150. If one person lowers output and the other does not, the person who lowers output will earn $1 and the other person will capture the entire market and will earn 200. Table 10.6 represents the choices available to Mary and Raj. What is the best choice for Raj if he is sole that Mary will cooperate? If Mary thinks Raj will cheat, what should Mary do and why? What is the prisoners dilemma result? What is the preferred choice if they could ensure cooperation? A = Work independently; B = Cooperate and Lower Output. (Each results entry lists Rajs earnings first, and Marys earnings second.)Would you rather have efficiency or variety? That is, one opportunity cost of the variety of products we have is that each product costs more per unit than if there were only one kind of product of a given type, like shoes. Perhaps a better question is, What is the right amount of variety? Can there be too many varieties of shoes, for example?
- Return to Figure 9.2. Suppose P0 is 10 and P1 is 11. Suppose a new firm with the same LRAC curve as the incumbent tries to bleak into the market by selling 4,000 units of output. Estimate from the graph what the new firms average cost of producing output would be. If the incumbent continues. to produce 6,000 units, how much output would the two films supply to the market? Estimate what would happen to the market price as a result of the supply of both the incumbent firm and the new entrant. Approximately how much profit would each firm earn? Figure 9.2 Economics of Scale and Natural MonoployKate and Alice are small-town ready-mix concrete duopolints. The market demand tunction is o- 20,000 - 200Pwhere Pis the price of a cubic yard of concrete and Ois the number of cubic yards demanded per year. Marginal cost is sa0 per cubic yard. Suppose Kate onters the market first and chooses her output belore Alice. What is the difference in Alice's profit when Kata enters the market tirst, compared to when they simultanecusly select ther outputa? When Kate entors the markat first, Alice's profit is $3,888.a0 lower. O When Kate enters the market fest, Alice's profit is 513,333.33 lower. O When Kate enters the market first, Alice's profit is $5,000 lower. O When Kate onters the market first, Alice's proft is $1.111.11 higher,How is a patent obtained? Select one: O a. automatically O b. register a grant application with USPTO O c. by putting idea out to the public O d. by adding a "tm" to it
- Which of the following describes the type of entry barrier faced for electricity transmission? A. There is a created entry barrier for electricity transmission because it is cheaper to have only one set of power lines serving a given region. B. There is a created entry barrier for electricity transmission because entry into the market has been limited by the economies of scale. °C. There is a natural entry barrier for electricity transmission because it is cheaper to have only one set of power lines serving a given region. O D. There is a natural entry barrier for electricity transmission because entry into the market has been limited by government restriction. Which of the following describes the type of entry barrier faced for municipal sewage services? A. There is a natural entry barrier for municipal sewage services because it is cheaper to have only one sewer system serving a given region. B. There is a natural entry barrier for municipal sewage services because entry into the…enter roctor "se urce n When negative externalities are present in a market 3 O private costs will be greater than social costs. O social costs will be greater than private costs. O only government regulation will solve the problem. O the market will not be able to reach any equilibrium. Question 3 In a monopolistically competitive industry, firms set price O equal to marginal cost since each firm is a price taker. O below marginal cost since each firm is a price taker. O above marginal cost since each firm is a price setter. O always a fraction of marginal cost since each firm is a price setter. C $ O 4 % BABAA 5 M Oll 6 & O 7 8 O 9 2 pts ✓ 0If the monopoly firm's marginal cost curve is either horizontal or upward sloping, it follows that its marginal revenue curve will cut its marginal cost curve at a level of output than where its demand curve cuts its marginal cost curve. It also follows that if the firm were to produce the quantity of output consistent with where its demand curve cut its marginal cost curve, the firm would be O O O O O D C O a. higher, productive efficient b. lower, resource-allocative efficient c. lower, minimizing costs d. lower, carning profits