Show the calculations for the preparation of 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions via serial dilution from a 0.1% stock solution. Prepare 10.0 mL of 0.10% standard DNA solution using acetate buffer pH 4.6 as solvent. Prepare four different concentrations of the 0.10% standard DNA solution from step 1 via serial dilution to obtain 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions. Obtain seven clean and dry test tubes. Place 1.50 mL solutions in each tube as follows: Table 2.1. Set-up for the diphenylamine assay. Test tube # Content 1 (blank) acetate buffer pH 4.6 2 0.10% standard DNA 3 0.01% standard DNA 4 0.001% standard DNA 5 0.0001% standard DNA 6 0.00001% standard DNA 7 DNA extract from Part I Add 3.50 mL diphenylamine reagent to each tube, swirl each tube to thoroughly mix the contents and heat for 10 mins in a boiling water bath. Cool immediately under tap water. Read absorbances at 595 nm. Construct the standard curve and determine the concentration of the DNA in the tissue extract from the standard curve. If the concentration of the DNA extract does not fall within the range of the calibration curve, dilute the sample and re-read its absorbance.
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
Show the calculations for the preparation of 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions via serial dilution from a 0.1% stock solution.
- Prepare 10.0 mL of 0.10% standard DNA solution using acetate buffer pH 4.6 as solvent.
- Prepare four different concentrations of the 0.10% standard DNA solution from step 1 via serial dilution to obtain 0.01%, 0.001%, 0.0001%, 0.00001% standard DNA solutions.
- Obtain seven clean and dry test tubes. Place 1.50 mL solutions in each tube as follows:
Table 2.1. Set-up for the diphenylamine assay.
|
Test tube # |
Content |
|
1 (blank) |
acetate buffer pH 4.6 |
|
2 |
0.10% standard DNA |
|
3 |
0.01% standard DNA |
|
4 |
0.001% standard DNA |
|
5 |
0.0001% standard DNA |
|
6 |
0.00001% standard DNA |
|
7 |
DNA extract from Part I |
- Add 3.50 mL diphenylamine reagent to each tube, swirl each tube to thoroughly mix the contents and heat for 10 mins in a boiling water bath. Cool immediately under tap water.
- Read absorbances at 595 nm.
- Construct the standard curve and determine the concentration of the DNA in the tissue extract from the standard curve. If the concentration of the DNA extract does not fall within the range of the calibration curve, dilute the sample and re-read its absorbance.
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps
