Refute the following: “According to evolutionary theory, organisms have increased in complexity through time. However, an increase in complexity contradicts the second law of thermodynamics. Therefore, evolution is impossible.”
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| Refute the following: “According to evolutionary theory, organisms have increased in complexity through time. However, an increase in complexity contradicts the second law of |
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- The existence of life is dependents on bioenergetics to overcome the restrictions of thermodynamics. What does the term bioenergetics mean? Provide one well-structured example of how bioenergetics provides the necessary conditions required for life to exist given the restrictions of thermodynamics.The evolution of life requires the organization of a very large number of molecules into biological cells. Does the formation of living organisms violate the Second Law of thermodynamics? State your conclusion clearly and present detailed arguments to support it.Many reactions in metabolism are thermodynamically unfavorable (ie-the reaction DOES NOT favor the products). 1) Explain how these reactions are driven in metabolism. (THIS CAN BE ANSWERED IN ONE SENTENCE CONTAINING APPROX 8-10 WORDS!) 2) Evolution has selected for a particular molecule to be the "energy currency" of life. What is that molecule? Briefly describe what makes this molecule the favored "energy currency" over other similar types of molecules.
- Many reactions in metabolism are thermodynamically unfavorable (ie-the reaction DOES NOT favor the products). 1) Explain how these reactions are driven in metabolism. (THIS CAN BE ANSWERED IN ONE SENTENCE CONTAINING APPROX 8-10 WORDS!) I 2) Evolution has selected for a particular molecule to be the "energy currency" of life. What is that molecule? Briefly describe what makes this molecule the favored "energy currency" over other similar types of molecules. Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 12pt ✓ Paragraph BIUA T²Which of the following statements best describes a relationship between the evolution of multicellular life on Earth and the laws of thermodynamics? Evolution represents a rare exception to the second law of thermodynamics because it has resulted in such a vast diversity of complex organisms. Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a decrease in the entropy of the universe. Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in a substantial increase in the total energy in the universe. Evolution has occurred in accordance with the laws of thermodynamics and resulted in an increase in the entropy of the universe.EVOLUTION LINK Some have argued that evolution is impossible because the second law of thermodynamics states that entropy always increases; therefore natural processes cannot give rise to greater complexity. In what ways is this statement a misunderstanding of the laws of thermodynamics?
- Life is sometimes described as a constant struggle against the second law of thermodynamics. How do organisms succeed in this struggle?The first law of thermodynamics states that the amount of energy in the universe is constant, but that the various forms of energy can be interconverted. Describe four different types of such energy transduction that occur in living organisms and provide one example for eachWhich of the following is TRUE regarding the second law of thermodynamics? The quality of the energy in the universe increases over time. The entropy of the universe is always increasing. Energy is conserved in the universe. The energy of the universe is always increasing. Entropy is conserved in the universe.
- Why is it not enough to just rely on either thermodynamic data alone ... Or kinetic (rate of reaction) data alone to predict the possible occurrence of a chemical reaction?The second law of thermodynamics tells us that life evolved in a universe that tends towards disorder. Gases expand to fill the space enclosing them, dissolved molecules spread throughout the solvent containing them, and large molecules fall apart to become smaller ones. Despite this, we know that cells can make large molecules and break them down. Because of the first law of thermodynamics, (energy can't be created or destroyed, but it can be converted between forms) cells can carry out anabolism and catabolism. For example, they can make and breakdown fatty acids. In this question you will consider the strategies cells and enzymes used to perform these processes in the context of biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids. Compare and contrast fatty acid biosynthesis and -oxidation.Imagine puffer fish swimming towards north at an angle of 90 In which habitat does it survive happily? What is effect of change in internal energy of liver of puffer fish due to global warming? Comment on above statement by keeping in view the first law of thermodynamics.
