Refer to the diagrams. Other things equal, an interest rate increase will: Question 15 options: leave curve A in place but shift curve B downward. leave curve A in place but shift curve B upward. shift curve A to the left and shift curve B downward. shift curve A to the right and shift curve B upward Expanded Rate of Return, r, and Real Interest Rate, I (%) Investment ($B) Investment ($B) A Real Domestic Product, GDP ($B) B
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- 8 4 125 275 Planned investment (billions of dollars) Figure 8.8 Refer to Figure 8.8. The amount of planned investment if the interest rate rises from 4% to 8%. Select one: a. remains at $125 billion b. remains at $275 billion c. drops by $150 billion d. rises by $150 billion Interest rate (%)2. Dan lives for only two periods. He earns real income m, in the present and mf in the future. His utility function is U(Cp,C) =6C,2/Cf. The market real interest rate is r. (a) Suppose that Dan initially cannot borrow or save. Using a diagram, illustrate and explain the case where Dan would be better off saving. (b) Now suppose that Dan can borrow and save at the market interest rate : Determine the equations for consumption in both periods and savings that maximize Dan's utility. (c) Now consider the special case where Dan earns m, in the present and is retired in the future so that mf=0. If the interest rate rises, will his present and future consumption increase, decrease, or stay the same? Will the increase in the interest rate make him save more or less? Illustrate this in a diagram. Explain your answer in reference to the income and substi tution effects. (d) Following from (c), suppose instead that Dan is eligible to receive a government pension when he retires. Illustrate and…Q.3.4 Year (Base year) 2018 2019 2020 2021 Cost of a basket (R) of consumer goods/services Explain, with the aid of an equation, the components of the consumption function. 1850 2190 2380 2560
- TECHNICAL Suppose that permanent income is calculated as the average of income over the past five years – that is YP = (Y + Y-1 + Y-2 + Y-3 + Y-4 Suppose further that consumption is given by C = 0.9YP a. If you have earned $20000 per year for the past 10 years. What is your permanent income? b. Suppose that next year (period t + 1) you earn $30000. What is your new YP? c. What is your consumption this year and next year? d. What is your short run MPC and long run MPC? e. Assuming you continue to earn $30000 starting in period t+ 1, graph the value of your permanent income in each period using the initial YP equation provided above.Explain the Investment Function. Use diagrams where requiredA consumer's current income (y) is 200 and the future income ( t.') is 240. A current lump sum tax (t) of 10 is paid and the tax in the next period (t) is 15. The real interest rate is 20% for each period. Please assume that current and future consumption are complements. and the consumer always prefers to have one unit of current consumption and two units of consumption in the future. Calculate the optimal current and future consumption and the optimal current and future savings. Is the consumer a lender or a borrower? How does he she. as a lender or a borrower. affect the future consumption?
- Question 5 mr.Rahim is plaining to pursue MBA studies.initail inquiry shows that he will have to pay RM 25,000 as tuition fee,buy books for RM1,000,and pay for transport RM 1,000.The MBA study programme will extend over 15 months.Mr.Rahim is working now with a salary of RM2,500 per month.Being a full time student,he will have to forego the income from his present job for the period of study. work out: (a) financial cost (b) Economic cost of doing MBA.Assume an economy with 1,000 consumers. Each consumer has income in the current period of 50 units and future income of 60 units and pays a lump-sum tax of 10 units in the current period and 20 units in the future period. The market real interest rate is 8%. Of the 1,000consumers, 500 consumer 60 units in the future, while 500 consumer 20 units in the future. a) Determine each consumer's current consumption and current saving. (b) Determine aggregate private saving, aggregate consumption in each period, government spending in the current and future periods, the current-period government deficit, and thequantity of debt issued by the government in the current period. (c) Suppose that current taxes increase to 15 units for each consumer. Repeat parts (a) and(b) and explain your results.1. Why 0% interest would rebuild ERI (Economic Responsibility Investing) economies? ... [3 lines max]
- The next three questions involve the following situation. Consider a closed economy in which I $100, 000, 000, 000, and T = $30, 000, 000, 000. $20, 000, 000, 000, G = $45, 000, 000, 000, Y = 1. What is total saving, S? (A) -$30 billion. (B) $35 billion. (C) -$15 billion. (D) $20 billion. 2. What is consumption? (A) $15 billion. (B) $35 billion. (C) -$15 billion. (D) -$35 billion. 3. What is private saving? (A) $15 billion. (B) $35 billion. (C) -$15 billion. (D) -$35 billion. 4. Which of the following assets performs best in times of demand-pull inflation? (A) Gold. (B) Agricultural real estate. (C) Stocks. (D) Bonds.The expenses and income of an individual are given in table form to the right. Find the net monthly cash flow (it may be negative or positive). Assume that amounts shown for salaries and wages are after taxes and that 1 month=4 weeks. Income Expenses Part-time job: $1300/month Rent: $550/month Student loans: $6000/year Groceries: $60/week Scholarship: $8500/year Tuition and fees: $7500/year Health insurance: $55/month Entertainment: $300/month Phone: $45/month#3 . Assume an economy with 1000 consumers. Each consumer has income in the current period of 50 units and future income of 60 units, and pays a lump-sum tax of 10 in the current period and 20 in the future period. The market real interest rate is 8%. Of the 1000 consumers, 500 consume 60 units in the future, while 500 consume 20 units in the future. (a) Determine each consumer’s current consumption and current saving. (b) Determine aggregate private saving, aggregate consumption in each period, government spending in the current and future periods, the current-period government deficit, and the quantity of debt issued by the government in the current period.