READ THE CASE STUDY THEN ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS............... 1. (a) What are the consequences of poorly managed apps? (b) What two risks are posed by data chaos? Explain why.

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
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Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
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READ THE CASE STUDY THEN ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS...............

1.
(a) What are the consequences of poorly managed apps?
(b) What two risks are posed by data chaos? Explain why.

Integrating Data to Combat Data Chaos.
An enterprise's data are stored in many different or remote locations-creating data chaos
at times. And some data may be duplicated so that they are available in multiple locations
that need a quick response. Therefore, the data needed for planning, decision-making, opera-
tions, queries, and reporting are scattered or duplicated across numerous servers, data cent-
ers, devices, and cloud services. Disparate data must be unified or integrated in order for the
organization to function.
Data Virtualization As organizations have transitioned to a cloud-based infrastruc-
ture, data centers have become virtualized. For example, Cisco offers data virtualization, which
gives greater IT flexibility. The process of data virtualization involves abstracting, transforming,
merging, and delivering data from disparate sources. The main goal of data virtualization is to
provide a single point of access to the data. By aggregating data from a wide range of sources
users can access applications without knowing their exact location. Using data virtualization
methods, enterprises can respond to change more quickly and make better decisions in real
time without physically moving their data, which significantly cuts costs. Cisco Data Virtualiza-
tion makes it possible to:
Have instant access to data at any time and in any format.
• Respond faster to changing data analytics needs.
Cut complexity and costs.
●
Compared to traditional (nonvirtual) data integration and replication methods, data virtu-
alization accelerates time to value with:
• Greater agility Speeds 5-10 times faster than traditional data integration methods
Streamlined approach 50-75% time savings over data replication and consolida-
tion methods
• Better insight Instant access to data
Software-Defined Data Center Data virtualization has led to the latest development
in data centers the software-defined data center (SDDC). An SDDC facilitates the integration
of the various infrastructures of the SDDC silos within organizations and optimizes the use
of resources, balances workloads, and maximizes operational efficiency by dynamically dis-
tributing workloads and provisioning networks. The goal of the SDDC is to decrease costs
and increase agility, policy compliance, and security by deploying, operating, managing, and
maintaining applications. In addition, by providing organizations with their own private cloud,
SDDCS provide greater flexibility by allowing organizations to have on-demand access to their
data instead of having to request permission from their cloud provider (see Figure 2.18).
The base resources for the SDDC are computation, storage, networking, and security. Typi-
cally, the SDDC includes limited functionality of service portals, applications, OSS, VM hardware,
hypervisors, physical hardware, software-defined networking, software-defined storage, a
security layer, automation and management layers, catalogs, a gateway interface module, and
third-party plug-ins (Figure 2.19).
2
id
Transcribed Image Text:Integrating Data to Combat Data Chaos. An enterprise's data are stored in many different or remote locations-creating data chaos at times. And some data may be duplicated so that they are available in multiple locations that need a quick response. Therefore, the data needed for planning, decision-making, opera- tions, queries, and reporting are scattered or duplicated across numerous servers, data cent- ers, devices, and cloud services. Disparate data must be unified or integrated in order for the organization to function. Data Virtualization As organizations have transitioned to a cloud-based infrastruc- ture, data centers have become virtualized. For example, Cisco offers data virtualization, which gives greater IT flexibility. The process of data virtualization involves abstracting, transforming, merging, and delivering data from disparate sources. The main goal of data virtualization is to provide a single point of access to the data. By aggregating data from a wide range of sources users can access applications without knowing their exact location. Using data virtualization methods, enterprises can respond to change more quickly and make better decisions in real time without physically moving their data, which significantly cuts costs. Cisco Data Virtualiza- tion makes it possible to: Have instant access to data at any time and in any format. • Respond faster to changing data analytics needs. Cut complexity and costs. ● Compared to traditional (nonvirtual) data integration and replication methods, data virtu- alization accelerates time to value with: • Greater agility Speeds 5-10 times faster than traditional data integration methods Streamlined approach 50-75% time savings over data replication and consolida- tion methods • Better insight Instant access to data Software-Defined Data Center Data virtualization has led to the latest development in data centers the software-defined data center (SDDC). An SDDC facilitates the integration of the various infrastructures of the SDDC silos within organizations and optimizes the use of resources, balances workloads, and maximizes operational efficiency by dynamically dis- tributing workloads and provisioning networks. The goal of the SDDC is to decrease costs and increase agility, policy compliance, and security by deploying, operating, managing, and maintaining applications. In addition, by providing organizations with their own private cloud, SDDCS provide greater flexibility by allowing organizations to have on-demand access to their data instead of having to request permission from their cloud provider (see Figure 2.18). The base resources for the SDDC are computation, storage, networking, and security. Typi- cally, the SDDC includes limited functionality of service portals, applications, OSS, VM hardware, hypervisors, physical hardware, software-defined networking, software-defined storage, a security layer, automation and management layers, catalogs, a gateway interface module, and third-party plug-ins (Figure 2.19). 2 id
across and outside the enterprise. At Stage 7, the health-care organi-
zation is getting full advantage of the health information exchange
(HIE). HIE provides interoperability so that information can flow back
and forth among physicians, patients, and health networks (NextGen
Healthcare, 2016).
VUMC began collecting data as part of its EHR efforts in 1997. By
2009, the center needed stronger, more disciplined data management. At
that time, hospital leaders initiated a project to build a data governance
infrastructure.
Data Governance Implementation
VUMC's leadership team had several concerns.
1. IT investments and tools were evolving rapidly, but they were
not governed by HIM (Healthcare Information and Manage-
ment) policies.
2. As medical records became electronic so they might be trans-
mitted and shared easily, they became more vulnerable
to hacking.
3. As new uses of electronic information were emerging, the medi-
cal center struggled to keep up.
Health Record Executive Committee
Initially, VUMC's leaders assigned data governance to their traditional
medical records committee, but that approach failed. Next, they hired
consultants to help develop a data governance structure and organ-
ized a health record executive committee to oversee the project. The
committee reports to the medical board and an executive commit-
tee to ensure executive involvement and sponsorship. The commit-
tee is responsible for developing the strategy for standardizing health
record practices, minimizing risk, and maintaining compliance. Mem-
bers include the chief medical information officer (CMIO), CIO, legal
counsel, medical staff, nursing informatics, HIM, administration, risk
management, compliance, and accreditation. In addition, a legal
medical records team was formed to support additions, corrections,
and deletions to the EHR. This team defines procedures for removal of
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duplicate medical record numbers and policies for data management
and compliance.
Costs of Data Failure
Data failures incur the following costs:
• Rework
• Loss of business
• Patient safety errors
Malpractice lawsuits
Delays in receiving payments because billing or medical codes
data are not available.
Benefits Achieved from Data Governance
As in other industries, in health care, data are the most valuable asset.
The handling of data is the real risk. EHRS are effective only if the data
are accurate and useful to support patient care. Effective ongoing data
governance has achieved that goal at VUMC.
Questions
1. What might happen when each line of business, division, and
department develops its own IT apps?
2. What are the consequences of poorly managed apps?
3. What two risks are posed by data chaos? Explain why.
4. What are the functions of data governance in the health-care
sector?
5. Why is it important to have executives involved in data gover-
nance projects?
6. List and explain the costs of data failure.
7. Why are data the most valuable asset in health care?
Sources: Compiled from NextGen Healthcare (2016), Office of the National Coor-
dinator for HIT (2016), and Conn (2016).
CFO Dashboard
Not Sales
$4,609
+20.02%*
vs previous month
Expenses
Axtf
O
Gross Margin
ROKA
M
32
Nat Profit
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64
04
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Figure 2 Data Visualization
Experies vs Income
SAN
Con
Transcribed Image Text:across and outside the enterprise. At Stage 7, the health-care organi- zation is getting full advantage of the health information exchange (HIE). HIE provides interoperability so that information can flow back and forth among physicians, patients, and health networks (NextGen Healthcare, 2016). VUMC began collecting data as part of its EHR efforts in 1997. By 2009, the center needed stronger, more disciplined data management. At that time, hospital leaders initiated a project to build a data governance infrastructure. Data Governance Implementation VUMC's leadership team had several concerns. 1. IT investments and tools were evolving rapidly, but they were not governed by HIM (Healthcare Information and Manage- ment) policies. 2. As medical records became electronic so they might be trans- mitted and shared easily, they became more vulnerable to hacking. 3. As new uses of electronic information were emerging, the medi- cal center struggled to keep up. Health Record Executive Committee Initially, VUMC's leaders assigned data governance to their traditional medical records committee, but that approach failed. Next, they hired consultants to help develop a data governance structure and organ- ized a health record executive committee to oversee the project. The committee reports to the medical board and an executive commit- tee to ensure executive involvement and sponsorship. The commit- tee is responsible for developing the strategy for standardizing health record practices, minimizing risk, and maintaining compliance. Mem- bers include the chief medical information officer (CMIO), CIO, legal counsel, medical staff, nursing informatics, HIM, administration, risk management, compliance, and accreditation. In addition, a legal medical records team was formed to support additions, corrections, and deletions to the EHR. This team defines procedures for removal of 4.274 65 75 3517 -> 2717 90 rate br 33 SPLAY CA 75 38038 Bardemento TUT as Am www 4) Figure 1 Data Visualization 66 23:11 AWNING நிர presory is NI 45 TOWNXWEMO M N 0000 * 30 an 6.2 10 ding 15 55 APSALASSAS **** shemit auss Small portie Vid stainnsa NOTRE SB SV SOROTOS Tipu xxxx duplicate medical record numbers and policies for data management and compliance. Costs of Data Failure Data failures incur the following costs: • Rework • Loss of business • Patient safety errors Malpractice lawsuits Delays in receiving payments because billing or medical codes data are not available. Benefits Achieved from Data Governance As in other industries, in health care, data are the most valuable asset. The handling of data is the real risk. EHRS are effective only if the data are accurate and useful to support patient care. Effective ongoing data governance has achieved that goal at VUMC. Questions 1. What might happen when each line of business, division, and department develops its own IT apps? 2. What are the consequences of poorly managed apps? 3. What two risks are posed by data chaos? Explain why. 4. What are the functions of data governance in the health-care sector? 5. Why is it important to have executives involved in data gover- nance projects? 6. List and explain the costs of data failure. 7. Why are data the most valuable asset in health care? Sources: Compiled from NextGen Healthcare (2016), Office of the National Coor- dinator for HIT (2016), and Conn (2016). CFO Dashboard Not Sales $4,609 +20.02%* vs previous month Expenses Axtf O Gross Margin ROKA M 32 Nat Profit - Normalt IMG $90 64 04 S***** Ow Figure 2 Data Visualization Experies vs Income SAN Con
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