QUESTION 15 Consider the following information for a simultaneous move game: Two discount stores (megastore and superstore) are interested in expanding their market share through advertising. The table below depicts the strategic outcomes (profits) of both stores with and without advertising. Megastore Superstore Advertise Advertise $95, $80 Don't Advertise $65, $285 b. Megastore $95 and Superstore $80 c. Megastore $65 and Superstore $285 d. Megastore $165 and Superstore $115 Don't Advertise $305, $55 $165, $115 If the stores could co-operate, what is the new Nash equilibrium? a Megastore $305 and Superstore $55
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- 12. To advertise or not to advertise Suppose that two firms, Hatte Latte and Bean Bruuer, are the only sellers of espresso in some hypothetical market. The following payoff matrix gives the profit (in millions of dollars) earned by each company depending on whether or not it chooses to advertise: Bean Bruuer Advertise Doesn't Advertise Advertise Hatte Latte Doesn't Advertise 9,9 3,15 15,3 11, 11 For example, the lower left cell of the matrix shows that if Bean Bruuer advertises and Hatte Latte does not advertise, Bean Bruuer will make a profit of $15 million, and Hatte Latte will make a profit of $3 million. Assume this is a simultaneous game and that Hatte Latte and Bean Bruuer are both profit-maximizing firms. If Hatte Latte chooses to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ does not advertise. million if Bean Bruuer advertises and a profit of $ million if Bean Bruuer If Hatte Latte chooses not to advertise, it will earn a profit of $ does not advertise. million if Bean Bruuer…3) Amazon and Target both sell the new Xbox, and have a choice whether to charge a high price or a low price. The payoff matrix identifies the profit either store can expect to make (in millions of dollars). Walmart High Price Low Price High Price b. Identify the Nash Equilibrium. 3,6 5,5 Amazon Low Price 2.8 4.3 a. Identify the Dominant Strategy for either player, or write "none" if there isn't one.E. Game theory Two firms in Ithaca both making sandwiches have two strategies available: charge a low price and charge a high price. In each cell (box) the first entry is the profit to Angie’s Sandwiches (AS) and the second entry is the profit per week for James Jems. (JJ) JJ charges low price JJ charges high price AS charges low price $20,000, $20,000 $45,000, $50,000 AS charges high price $50,000, $35,000 $30,000, $30,000 1. Is there a Nash Equilibrium? Where is it? Explain. 2. In which cell will the total profit be a maximum?
- Beta's Price Policy High Low A B $20 $30 High Alpha's $20 $10 Price Policy C $10 D $ $15 Low $30 $15 Refer to the diagram, where the numerical data show profits in millions of dollars. Beta's profits are shown in the northeast corner and Alpha's profits in the southwest corner of each cell. With independent pricing, the outcome of this duopoly game will gravitate to cellFirm A Strategy Advertise Don't Advertise Firm B Advertise 0,0 -1,40 Don't Advertise 40, -1 10, 10 Two cigarette manufacturers play the following simultaneous-move billboard advertising game. Profit payoffs for both companies are shown in the normal form game below. There is a 20 percent chance that the government will ban cigarette sales in any given year. If they collude and Firm A cheats, how much will Firm A earn in period 1? (Enter a numerical value as your answer with no decimal points. For example, if your answer is "one hundred" you need to type in "100"). What is the probability that the game will end? (Enter a numerical value as your answer with no decimal points. For example, if your answer is "one hundred percent" you need to type in "100"). If they collude and Firm A cheats, what will be the profit for Firm A for all periods? (Enter a numerical value as your answer with no decimal points. For example, if your answer is "one hundred" you need to type in "100"). If they…Consider the following game in normal form. Not cooperate Cooperate Not cooperate 20,20 50,0 Cooperate 0,50 40,40 What is Nash equilibrium? Is it efficient? Why? What needs to be complied with so that the players would like to cooperate? What happens when one of the players does not cooperate? Why? Define trigger strategy. Calculate the discount factor (δ) that would make both players decide to cooperate.
- Please look at the payoff matrix below which shows the benefits that would accrue to each player in a 2-player.non-sequential, non-repeated game. a) Identify the collusive (cooperative) equilibrium. b) Identify the secure strategy (maximin) equilibrium c) Identify the maximax equilibrium d) Identify the Nash equilibrium Apple Inc. Strategy 1 Strategy 2 Strategy 3 20 40 60 60 1000 200 Strategy A 70 50 90 Banana Inc. 400 70 300 Strategy B 40 80 100 90 150 80 Strategy C38 Refer to the normal-form game of advertising shown below. Firm A Advertise Do Not Advertise Multiple Choice Suppose there is a 10 percent chance that the advertising game depicted in Figure 10-17 will end next period. What is the present value to firm A of agreeing to the strategy (do not advertise, do not advertise]? $237.50 Firm B Advertise $0, $0 $10, $175 $1,250 Do Not Advertise $175, $10 $125, $125Consider the following game theory matrix with two firms and the effects of profits with the preferences on high versus low advertising budgets. Firm B's advertising Firm A's advertising A = low, $100 Blow, $100 A-low, B-high, $120 A = high, $120 B = low, $60 A=high, $80 B = high, $80 Identify the best strategy for firm B? a) Advertise High b) Advertise low. c) Don't advertise. d) Can't be decided with the given information.
- Use the payoff matrix below to answer the next two questions. a. b. C. d. Topco does not advertise a. b. Topco advertises C. d. Acme does not advertise Both firms earn profits of $50 million. 30. Suppose Acme and Topco must choose whether or not to advertise without knowing what the other will do. In the Nash equilibrium: Topco earns profits of $60 million and Acme earns profits of $30 million. Acme advertises Topco earns profits of $30 million and Acme earns profits of $60 million Both firms earn profits of $40 million. 31. Which strategies maximize Acme's and Topco's combined profit? Neither advertises neither Acme nor Topco chooses to advertise. both Acme and Topco choose to advertise. Acme advertises, but Topco does not. Topco advertises, but Acme does not. Both advertise Acme advertises, but Topco does not Topco advertises, but Acme does not. OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, was founded in 1969. Their original objective was to form a cartel to increase the price that they receive for their oil exports. Create a prisoner’s dilemma type game for two large members of OPEC (e.g. Saudi Arabia and Indonesia). Create numbers, where payoffs are total annual oil export revenues for each of these two countries. Verbally explain how you got your numbers. Find the Nash equilibrium. Based on this model, what strategy is in the oil exporters’ best interest (Nash or otherwise)? How do they make it happen? Create another prisoner’s dilemmamodel for all of OPEC on one side, and all non OPEC oil exporting nations on the other side. Create numbers, where payoffs are total annual oil export revenues for each of the two sides. Verbally explain how you created your numbers. Also create your numbers applying the fact that OPEC’s total production capacity is greater than total non OPEC exports…The bimatrix represents a simultaneous move game between Rowena and Colin. Rowena's payoff is the left number in each cell. ROWENA Up Down 0.25Left +0.75Right 0.65Left +0.35Right Find Colin's mixed strategy that makes Rowena indifferent between a pure strategy of playing Up and a pure strategy of playing Down. 0.5Left +0.5Right Left 1,16 2,20 0.45Left +0.55Right COLIN Right 4,6 3,40