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- Looking at the sequence of gene X, you hypothesize that there is an intrinsic terminator in the 3' end of gene X. To test your hypothesis, you delete the putative intrinsic terminator (AIT). Which of the following western blots for gene X would you expect if your hypothesis is correct (that the IT sequence is an intrinsic terminator). O O wild-type ΔΙΤ O Blot A O O A Blot C Blot E Blot B O Blot D wild-type B wild-type AIT C AIT wild-type D ΔΙΤ wild-type EDescribe what each of the 12 bands on your Western blot should have been. Remember, the 12 bands will be 4 conditions x 3 proteins (phospho-S6, phospho-AMPK, tubulin). Please describe the relative density of each band compared to the control (for example, how dense will phospho-S6 be in each of the three experimental conditions compared to the control condition?). For each band, provide a well-reasoned rationale for your anticipated result. Give the reason why cell signaling would produce each result in each condition.In the Western blot shown here, proteins were isolated from redblood cells and muscle cells from two different individuals. Oneindividual was unaffected, and the other suffered from a diseaseknown as thalassemia, which involves a defect in hemoglobin. Theblot was exposed to an antibody that recognizes β globin, whichis one of the polypeptides that constitute hemoglobin. Equal totalamounts of cellular proteins were added to each lane. Explain these results.
- In this western blot, the levels of phosphorylated TBK (PTBK) decrease with increasing amounts/expression of the viral protein (VP). Figure description: Increasing amounts of a plasmid expressing the viral protein (0.5, 1, or 2ug) were cotransfected with TBK1 expression plasmid. Cells were harvested 24 h post-transfection and analyzed for phosphorylated TBK1 (anti- TBK1 Ser172), total TBK1 (anti-TBK1), B-actin (anti-B-actin), and viral protein (anti-VP) expression by Western blot analysis. VP PTBK1 (S172) TBK1 actin Virus proteins O True O FalseIn this western blot, the levels of TBK remain constant with increasing amounts/expression of the viral protein (VP). Figure description: Increasing amounts of a plasmid expressing the viral protein (0.5, 1, or 2ug) were cotransfected with TBK1 expression plasmid. Cells were harvested 24 h post-transfection and analyzed for phosphorylated TBK1 (anti-pTBK1 Ser172), total TBK1 (anti-TBK1), B-actin (anti-B-actin), and viral protein (anti-VP) expression by Western blot analysis. VP PTBK1 (S172) TBK1 actin Virus proteins O True O FalseIn this western blot, the levels of actin increase with increasing amounts/expression of the viral protein (VP). Figure description: Increasing amounts of a plasmid expressing the viral protein (0.5, 1, or 2ug) were cotransfected with TBK1 expression plasmid. Cells were harvested 24 h post-transfection and analyzed for phosphorylated TBK1 (anti-PTBK1 Ser172), total TBK1 (anti-TBK1), B-actin (anti-ß-actin), and viral protein (anti-VP) expression by Western blot analysis. VP PTBK1 (S172) TBK1 actin Virus proteins O True O False
- Your Southern blot shows no results, everything is blank.Give two possible explanations for what may have gone wrong.antibodies were produced in a rabbit against a 25 KDa human soluble protien. when the rabbit antiserum was used in a western blot of human soluble protiens, it detected 25-KDa protien,but also bound to protiens of 65KDa and 39 KDa.assuming that a pure protien was used to make the antibodies,how do yuo explain the results of the western blot?Choose two genes from Figure 4.6 and draw a graph to represent the change in transcription over time.
- Suppose you wanted to study genes controlling thestructure of bacterial cell surfaces. You decide tostart by isolating bacterial mutants resistant to infection by a bacteriophage that binds to the cellsurface. The selection procedure is simple: Spreadcells from a culture of sensitive bacteria on a petriplate, expose them to a high concentration ofphages, and pick the bacterial colonies that grow.To set up the selection you could (1) spread cellsfrom a single liquid culture of sensitive bacteria onmany different plates and pick every resistant colony; or (2) start many different cultures, eachgrown from a single colony of sensitive bacteria,spread one plate from each culture, and then pick asingle mutant from each plate. Which methodwould ensure that you are isolating many independent mutations?on a gene in a microorganism that provides a characteristic you find interesting. However, I want it to be a gene that is beneficial for the microbial cell, but allows for a negative impact related to the human. For example, some strains of Staphylococcus aureus have a gene, mecA, that makes them resistant to the antibiotic methicillin. They are commonly called methicillin-resistant S. aureus or MRSA. The gene is beneficial to the bacteria because it allows for their survival even in the presence of this antibiotic but is negative for humans because it limits what antibiotics can be used for treatment. There are a large range of options here including microbe structures as well as the production of various substances so don’t limit your search. Have fun, this will be a link from the recipe found in the DNA of a microorganism to a characteristic that will cause us harm.By conducting conjugation experiments between Hfr and recipientstrains, Wollman and Jacob mapped the order of many bacterialgenes. Throughout the course of their studies, they identified severaldifferent Hfr strains in which the F-factor DNA had been integratedat different places along the bacterial chromosome. A sample of theirexperimental results is shown in the following table:Analyze data. Compare and contrast. Make a drawing.