Provide an example of how multiple membrane transport proteins typically work together to move a molecule across a membrane (your example can be general or use hypothetical proteins).
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- List the means of unassisted membrane transport.1) You are studying a transport protein. It appears to bind temporarily to the molecule to be transported. During normal transport, no energy is expended. The addition of a particular molecule that closely resembles the normally transported molecule inhibits transport. An increase in the concentration of the normally transported molecule in the presence of a constant concentration of the inhibitor increases the rate of transport. What kind of transport is described? 2) What are peripheral membrane proteins?For each of the following scenarios described where a molecule or ion is moving from one side of a membrane to the other, select the method by which the molecule or ion is moving. Each answer can be used more than once, or not at all. - Simple Diffusion - Facilitated diffusion by a channel protein - Facilitated diffusion by a carrier/transport protein - Active transport by a pump - Could be facilitated diffusion by a channel or a carrier; not enough information is given A- While water can freely diffuse across the membrane, it does not do so fast enough for living organisms to function properly. Therefore, membrane proteins known as aquaporins can increase the rate at which water moves across the membrane. The movement of water across the membrane via aquaporins (which do not change shape) is an example of which type of transport? B-Many snake venoms induce paralysis by acting on acetylcholine receptors. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are transmembrane proteins that allow Na+, K+…
- The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure has been very useful in explaining membrane behavior. However, the description of membrane as proteins floating in a phospholipid sea is oversimplified. Describe some components of membrane that are restricted in their lateral motion.Define the difference between passive transport and active transport, and give examples of each. Each example should specify the type of cell, the name of the membrane protein(s), and the substance that is being transported.Cells transporting substances across their membranes is essential. Choose TWO of the following types of cellular transport. ๏osmosis ๏active transport ๏facilitated diffusion ๏endocytosis / exocytosis (a)For each type of transport you choose, describe the transport process. Explain how the organization of cell membrane plays a role the movement of specific molecules across membrane. (b)Using the same transport types, identify a specific cell that utilizes that type of transit (i.e. one cell for each transport type, or two different cell examples), and detail a substance that is transferred. (c)A typical human lymphocyte has a radius of about 10 μm, while a typical bacterium (e.g., S. pneumoniae) has a radius of about 1 μm. Assuming that both cell types are perfectly spherical, compare and contrastthe transport mechanisms for each of these cells.
- Compare and contrast the following methods of a passing cell membrane in terms of movement with respect to the concentration gradient, use of ATP, and the use of transporters with examples. (Simple) Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion/Passive Transport Osmosis Active Transport Exocytosis Endocytosis (with its 3 subforms)The comparison of the simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport are shown in the table below: * Which comparisons are TRUE? Simple Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport I Require ATP Does not require ATP Require ATP II Does not involve a Involve a transport Involve a transport transport protein protein protein From a region of higher III From a region of higher concentrațion of substance to a region of lower concentration of From a region of lower concentration of concentration of substance to a region of lower concentration of substance. substance to a region of higher concentration of substance. substance. O I and II only I and III only O Il and III only O I, Il and IIIWhich of the following membrane transport proteins would you expect to be the most selective at conducting substances into the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm (although not the most rapid)? the bicarbonate ion channel the chloride ion channel the fructose carrier protein the sodium ion channel the potassium ion channel
- Broadly name the two types of membrane transporter in the image below (A and B). Give one example of a molecule that may pass using a transporter like B. A solute lipid bilayer B X aqueous poreCrossing a cell membrane by simple diffusion can be distinguished from facilitated diffusion by which of the following: Select all that apply. Simple diffusion moves molecules down a concentration gradient while facilitated diffusion moves molecules up a concentration gradient Simple diffusion does not require membrane proteins; facilitated diffusion requires specific membrane proteins Simple diffusion does not require energy; facilitated diffusion requires energy Simple diffusion is not saturable; facilitated diffusion rates are limited by the number of functional membrane proteins and can be saturatedMatch the following statement related to membrane transport processes to the appropriate term or terms: passive transport, facilitated transport, active transport. A transporter (or carrier) protein is necessary. (Select all that apply.) passive transport facilitated transport active transport O O