Present the comparison of neuromuscular blocking drugs and local anesthetics. What is a rationale to use them for pain control? How they affect impulse conduction and muscle contraction
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Present the comparison of neuromuscular blocking drugs and local anesthetics. What is a rationale to use them for pain control? How they affect impulse conduction and muscle contraction?
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- briefly, describe the mechanism for the anti-pain activity of aspirin. make sure to state its target and the metabolic pathway affectedParacetamol the Safest Pain Reliever? What is the mechanisms and toxicokinetic of it?Despite the widespread use of opioids to treat chronic musculoskeletal pain there is little quality data on their effectiveness, especially over the long term. The current study was designed to compare the effectiveness of opioid medication vs nonopioid medication over 12 months for patients with moderate to severe chronic back pain or hip or knee osteoarthritis pain. Outcomes were pain-related function and pain intensity. The results showed that treatment with opioids was not superior to treatment with non-opioid medications for improving function and in fact pain intensity was significantly lower with non-opioid treatment. In addition, adverse medication-related symptoms were significantly more common in the opioid group. The authors conclude that commencing opioid therapy for moderate to severe musculoskeletal pain is not supported. Question: Is it true, as it was once suggested, that people on prescribed opioids are less likely to become addicted to them?
- Describe neurotransmitters and receptors of the autonomic nervous system. Describe one of the receptors, its location(s), and the physiologic effects of its stimulation. Also, describe a pharmacologic agent that targets this receptor and the disease it is used in treating.Research the effects of synthetic cathinones on specific receptors of the brain and how the transmission of action potentials is altered. Be sure to focus only on how the action potential transmission is impacted by the drug. Be sure to provide an APA citation.Explain why current strategies for the treatment of pain are related to multiple approaches, seeking the improvement in therapeutic efficacy and reduction of undesirable side effects.
- outline the neurochemical transmission and inhibition of pain. Then using the gate-control theory, devise a plan to minimize pain during your next visit to the dentist. Why is this important for you to know in public healthAn experimental pharmacotherapy for the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease is called Prosavin. Explain how this treatment is delivered and what the therapeutic agent(s) involved is/are and what they do?A nerve conduction velocity test measures nerve conduction velocity. In this test, an electrical stimulus is applied to a peripheral nerve and the length of time it takes for the corresponding muscle to contract is measured. Because the length of the nerve from stimulus point to muscle and the time it takes for the muscle to contract are both known, NCV can be calculated. This test result is helpful in distinguishing between different types of pathologies. For example, a patient with muscle weakness is being tested by a physician. There are three possible sources of the weakness: Disease of the muscle itself such as muscular dystrophy. In this condition, normal muscle tissue is replaced by adipose tissue and the muscle becomes incapable of contraction. Disease at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) such as myasthenia gravis. This condition is described in the Skeletal Muscle Histology exercise and results from damage to the acetylcholine receptors on the muscle end plate. Disease…