Q: 25
A: pH is used to determine the concentration of hydronium ion.
Q: Rank the alkenes shown in the ball-and-stick models (A–C) in order of increasing stability.
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Q: Using the periodic table as a guide, write the condensed electronconfiguration and determine the num...
A: For condensed electronic configuration, all we need is the knowledge of previous occurring noble gas...
Q: Zinc plating (galvanizing) is an important means of corrosion protection. Although the process is do...
A: The Faraday’s first law of electrolysis state that the mass of the substance deposited at any elect...
Q: The HMIS label rates the material risks under normal use conditions. a.true b. False
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Q: In the mechanism for cyanohydrin formation, why is HCN the acid that protonates the alkoxide ion ins...
A: The reaction mechanism for the process is as given below:
Q: Draw both enantiomers of each amino acid and label them as R or S: (a) phenylalanine; (b) methionine...
A: In-order to assign the stereochemical labels, certain rules have to be followed. The group attached ...
Q: What is the IUPAC name of the alcohol shown at the link below? Write the name in lowercases and with...
A: Structure of alcohol given is shown below:
Q: (a) What is meant by the term fuel value? (b) Which is a greatersource of energy as food, 5 g of fat...
A: A) Fuel value is defined as amount of energy releasing during burning of 1 g of fuel. For example on...
Q: The number of hydrogens in a hydrocarbon with 8 carbons and 3 double bonds is O 14 O 12 o 15 o 18
A: Given: A hydrocarbon with 8 carbons and 3 double bond
Q: (a) Consider the combustion of ethylene, C2H4(g) +3 O2(g)--->2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g). If the concentr...
A: a) The reaction taking place is C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g)--->2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Since the relationship ...
Q: Molecule BF3 (B: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^1 ; F: 1s^2 2s^2 2p^5 ) (a) Use Orbital Hybridization theory to determ...
A: The Lewis structure or molecular skeleton is also known as electron dot structure. It is the complet...
Q: What is the oxidation product of the alcohol shown at the link below? OH O An ātdehyde o It's not po...
A: The carbon atom can make 4 bonds in maximum And hence whenever the oxidation of alcohol takes place...
Q: 48) Which of the following is a weak acid? A) HCI B) HBr C) HF D) H,SO, E) NaOH
A: Strong acid- an acid dissociate immediately into its ions in an aqueous solution to give H+ ions. e....
Q: Complete the table by filling in the formula for the ioniccompound formed by each pair of cations an...
A: Given:
Q: A 1.0M HCI solution has a volume of 20.0 mL. Determine the pH of the solution that results from addi...
A: a) Since the addition of base NaOH will make HCl react with it as per the reaction HCl + NaOH -----...
Q: Aerosols are important components of the atmosphere.Does the presence of aerosols in the atmosphere ...
A: An aerosol (abbreviation of "aero-solution") is a suspension of fine solid particles or liquid dropl...
Q: 1.0 M HCl solution has a volume of 20.0 mL. Determine the pH of the solution that results from addin...
A: The balanced chemical equation for the given reaction is,
Q: A person who develops a rash when contacting nickel salts has been: a.tagged b. poisoned c. sensitiz...
A: A person who develops a rash when contacting nickel salts may suffer allergy to nickel or anything t...
Q: Paclitaxel, C47H51NO14, is an anticancer compound that isdifficult to make in the lab. One reported ...
A:
Q: In the United States, water used for irrigation is measuredin acre-feet. An acre-foot of water cover...
A: Given: An acre is 4840 yd2 (a) In an acre-foot, there are 43560 cubic feet of water. Every cubic foo...
Q: (a) What is a hydrocarbon? (b) Pentane is the alkane witha chain of five carbon atoms. Write a struc...
A: a. The hydrocarbons in organic chemistry are the compounds only of C and H they are mainly the examp...
Q: Calculate the isoelectric point for each amino acid. a. cysteine: pKa (COOH) = 2.05; pKa (α-NH3+) = ...
A: The isoelectric point can be defined as the pH at which the given molecule carried no net electric c...
Q: Which of the following reactions does not give the carbonyl product shown? a. Which of the reactions...
A: Carbonyl group chemistry is the most important chemistry in organic synthesis. There are some deriva...
Q: Write a molecular formula for each compound, and indicatethe oxidation state of the group 5A element...
A: Phosphorous Acid Molecular Formula of Phosphorous Acid is H3PO3. Ions Present in Phosphorous Acid ar...
Q: (a) What is the relationship between the wavelength and thefrequency of radiant energy? (b) Ozone in...
A: The given question can be solved on the basis of the prior knowledge of the basics of spectroscopy.
Q: 6. Consider the reaction of ozone (0.) with nitrogen monoxide (NO), which occurs in smog. What effec...
A: O3 (g) +NO (g) ------------> O2 (g) + NO2(g) a) Increasing the concentration of O3 According to ...
Q: The energy from radiation can be used to cause the ruptureof chemical bonds. A minimum energy of 242...
A: This is simple question dealing with the unit conversion, where we need to convert energy from one u...
Q: Determine the equilibrium constant for the reaction: 2NH3(g) <=> N2(g) + 3H2(g) Delta Hº = ...
A: The energy amount usually unavailable to accomplish any work is addressed as "entropy" and symbolize...
Q: For the reaction PCl5(g)⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl2(g), the equilibrium constantKc = 1.1 x 10-2 at 400 K. What i...
A: In-order to get the desired equation, first the given equation has to be reversed.
Q: Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point.
A: The boiling point of the hydrocarbons is dependent upon the Van-der waale forces and strength of hyd...
Q: What is the major product formed by an intramolecular Friedel–Crafts acylation of the following comp...
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Q: Which state of matter has a high density and an indefinite shape?
A: High density and an indefinite shape:
Q: Predict the geometry around each highlighted atom.
A:
Q: How many moles of NH4Cl must be added to 2.0 L of 0.10 M NH3 to form a buffer whose pH is 9.00? (Ass...
A: Since the pOH of a basic buffer is given by Henderson-Hsselbalch equation as pOH = pKb + log{ [salt]...
Q: Synthesize (Z)-hept-5-en-2-one from ethyl acetoacetate (CH3COCH2CO2Et) and the given starting materi...
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Q: hydrogen cyanide, HCN(g), can be made into steps. If 15.0 G of ammonia, NH3(g), and 6.0 G of metha...
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Q: 4. order A reaction of A → podrs follow of A poducts follow a zeroth Kinetics order concentration of...
A: For a zero order reaction, rate constant is given by: where [A] is the final concentration, [Ao] is...
Q: The Earth’s oceans have a salinity of 35. What is the concentrationof dissolved salts in seawater wh...
A: Given that salinity of earth’s ocean is 35. Thus, mass of salt in one kilogram of water is 35 g and ...
Q: A certain chemical reaction releases 14.0/kJg of heat for each gram of reactant consumed. How can yo...
A: Given heat energy released per gram of reactant is 14.0 kJ. Quantity of total reactant is given as ...
Q: How many moles are in a sample of ethanol, CH 3CH 2OH that has a volume of 100.0 mL? The molar mass ...
A: Mass of ethanol can be determined as follows:
Q: kJ The enthalpy of vaporization of Substance X is 15.0 mol and its normal boiling point is 109. °C. ...
A:
Q: What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule? Write your answer without any spaces or any upperc...
A: As per the rules of IUPAC Nomenclature, olefin will get the priority first and the number shall star...
Q: Find Kp form selections
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Q: Match the 13C NMR data to the appropriate structure.
A: Spectroscopy is a tool to identify the unknown compounds in the given solution. Different spectrosco...
Q: Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then under...
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Q: (a) Draw all possible stereoisomers of 4-methylnon-2-ene, and name each isomer, including its E,Z an...
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Q: The commercial production of nitric acid involves thefollowing chemical reactions:4 NH3(g) + 5 O2(g)...
A: Redox reaction leads to oxidation and reduction processes simultaneously. Oxidation and reduction re...
Q: Rank the nucleophiles in each group in order of increasing nucleophilicity. a.−OH, −NH2, H2O b. −OH,...
A: Negatively charged nucleophiles are stronger nucleophiles than neutral ones. Hence water is the weak...
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- 2. An experiment to determine the carbon-sequestration capacity of a poui tree determined that in 1 year, the mature tree could remove 11,455 L (measured at room temperature and pressure) of carbon dioxide from the air, using the process in Q.1(d) to produce glucose. What mass of glucose would the poui tree have produced doing this?Hydrogen gas has the potential for use as a clean fuel inreaction with oxygen. The relevant reaction is2 H2(g) + O2(g) ---->2 H2O(l)Consider two possible ways of utilizing this reaction asan electrical energy source: (i) Hydrogen and oxygengases are combusted and used to drive a generator, muchas coal is currently used in the electric power industry;(ii) hydrogen and oxygen gases are used to generate electricitydirectly by using fuel cells that operate at 85 °C.(a) Calculate ΔH° and ΔS° forthe reaction. We will assume that these values do notchange appreciably with temperature. (b) Based on thevalues from part (a), what trend would you expect forthe magnitude of ΔG for the reaction as the temperatureincreases? (c) What is the significance of the change inthe magnitude of ΔG with temperature with respect to the utility of hydrogen as a fuel? (d) Based on the analysishere, would it be more efficient to use the combustionmethod or the fuel-cell method to generate electricalenergy from…Oo.4. Subject :- Chemistry
- (a) The atomic weight of carbon is 12, hydrogen is 1 and oxygen is 16, and the formula for the combustion of methane (CH4) is given by : CH4 + 2 O2 –→ CO2 + 2 H2O + energy A mole of methane releases 810 KJ of energy on burning. Calculate the weight of carbon dioxide produced by burning 5kg of methane. Identify an alternative gas for combustion that produces less carbon dioxide than methane and state how it is generated.Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurswhen (a) titanium metal reacts with O2(g); (b) silver(I)oxide decomposes into silver metal and oxygen gas whenheated; (c) propanol, C3H7OH(l) burns in air; (d) methyltert-butyl ether, C5H12O(l), burns in air.The bombardier beetle uses an explosive discharge as a defensive measure. The chemical reaction involved is the oxidation of hydroquinone by hydrogen peroxide to produce quinone and water: CоHа (ОН)2 (ад) + H202(аg) — СөН, О2(ад) + 2H2О() Calculate AH for this reaction from the following data: CвНа (ОН)2(аq) — СеH4О2(ад) + H2(9) ДН — 177.4 kJ H2 (g) + O2 (g) → H2O2(ag) AH = -191.2 kJ H2 (g) + 02 (g) → H2O(g) AH = -241.8 kJ H2O(g) → H20(1) AH = -43.8 kJ ΔΗ kJ
- 4a Assume that worldwide combustion of fossil fuel accounts for an energy use of 500 x 1015 kJ/year. Also, assume that all fossil fuels can be represented by the formula C3H5 with energy content of 32,500 kJ/kg.Finally, assume that air is 79% N2 and 21% O2 , and has a molecular weight of 29 kg/kmol. i. Estimate the annual release of CO2 to the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels, in kg/yr ii. If all that CO2 entered the atmosphere (and none was removed), estimate the increase in atmospheric concentration, in ppm by volume. Assume the atmosphere contains 6.7 x 1018 kg of air.The most extensively used organic compound in the chemical industry is ethene (C,H4). The two equations C2H4(g) + Cl2 (g) 2CH¾C1½(g) C2H4CI2 (g)=C2H;Cl(g) + HCl(g) represent the way in which vinyl chloride (C,H;CI) is syn- thesized for eventual use in polymeric plastics (polyvinyl chloride, PVC). The byproduct of the reaction, HCI, is now most cheaply made by this and similar reactions, rathcr than by dircct combination of H, and Cl2. Hcat is given off in the first reaction and taken up in the second. Describe how you would design an industrial process to maximize the yield of vinyl chloride.(1) two baking sheets are made of different metals. you purchase both and bake a dozen cookies on each sheet at the same time in your oven. you observe that after 9 minutes, the cookies on one sheet are slightly burned on the bottom, whereas those on the other sheet are fine. (you are curious and you vary the conditions so you know the result is not caused by the oven.) (a) how can you use this observation to infer something about the specific heat of the materials in the baking sheets? (b) what is the mathematical reasoning (equation) that you need to support your conclusion?
- In 1997, at the United Nations Conference on Climate Change, the major industrial nations agreed to expand their re-search efforts to develop renewable sources of carbon-basedfuels. For more than a decade, Brazil has been engaged in aprogram to replace gasoline with ethanol derived from the rootcrop manioc (cassava).(a) Write separate balanced equations for the complete combus-tion of ethanol (C₂H₅OH) and of gasoline (represented by theformula C₈H₁₈).(b) What mass of oxygen is required to burn completely 1.00 Lof a mixture that is 90.0% gasoline (d=0.742 g/mL) and 10.0%ethanol (d=0.789 g/mL) by volume?(c) If 1.00 mol of O₂ occupies 22.4 L, what volume of O₂ isneeded to burn 1.00 L of the mixture?(d) Air is 20.9% O₂ by volume. What volume of air is needed toburn 1.00 L of the mixture?8. A hydrocarbon fuel is fully combusted with 495.97 g of oxygen to yield 880.2 g of carbon dioxide and 396.34 g of water. A.) Find the empirical formula for the hydrocarbon. B.) The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon if its MW is 142.29 g/mol. 9. (5 points) The K, value of the reaction N₂O4 2NO₁₂ (g) ²(g) is 0.113. What is the Gibbs free energy, AG, of the reaction if the initial pressure of N₂O4 is 1.23 atm while NO₂ is 0.750 atm? Is the process spontaneous? 10. (5 points) The molar heat of vaporization of ammonia is 23.4 kJ/mol while its boiling point is -33.34 °C. Calculate the AS for the vaporization of 0.75 moles of ammonia. Express your answer with unit J/K.The great French chemist Antoine Lavoisier discovered the Law of Conservation of Mass in part by doing a famous experiment in 1775. In this experiment Lavoisier found that mercury(II) oxide, when heated, decomposed into liquid mercury and an invisible and previously unknown substance: oxygen gas. 1. Write a balanced chemical equation, including physical state symbols, for the O-0 decomposition of solid mercury(II) oxide (HgO) into liquid mercury and gaseous dioxygen. 2. Suppose 58.0 mL of dioxygen gas are produced by this reaction, at a temperature of 60.0 °C and pressure of exactly 1 atm. Calculate the mass of mercury(II) oxide that must have reacted. Round your answer to 3 significant digits.